Table 1.
key characteristics and Cochrane quality risk assessment of all included trial
| study | treatment | outcome | dose (mg/d) | Duration (weeks) | number of patients | Age, years (SD) | random | allocation concealment | double blindness | outcome data integrity | selective reporting | other bias | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| drug | placebo | drug | placebo | |||||||||||
| Attia 1998 [43] | fluoxetine | weight, BDI, drop outs due to adverse events | 60 | 7 | 15 | 16 | 29.1 (7.2) | 23.4 (6.4) | L | U | L | L | L | L |
| Goldstein 1995 [44] | fluoxetine | frequency of vomiting and binge eating episodes, HAMD, drop outs due to adverse events | 60 | 16 | 296 | 102 | 27 (17.6) | 26 (17.6) | L | U | L | L | L | L |
| Goldbloom 1997 [45] | fluoxetine, CBT | frequency of vomiting and binge eating episodes, BDI | 60 | 16 | 29 | 23 | 25.8 (5.5) | 25.8 (5.5) | L | U | H | L | L | L |
| Grilo 2005 [46] | fluoxetine | frequency of binge eating episodes, BDI, drop outs due to adverse events | 60 | 16 | 27 | 27 | 44.3 (9.5) | 43.6 (8.5) | L | U | L | L | L | L |
| Walsh 2000 [47] | fluoxetine | frequency of binge eating and purging episodes, BDI | 60 | NA | 13 | 9 | 32.0 (7.8) | 27.8 (5.2) | L | U | L | U | L | L |
| Romano 2002 [48] | fluoxetine | frequency of vomiting and binge eating episodes, drop outs due to adverse events | 60 | 8 | 76 | 74 | 29.5 (7.0) | 30.0 (9.3) | L | U | L | L | L | L |
| Fichter 1991 [49] | fluoxetine | HAMD, weight | 60 | 7 | 20 | 20 | 26.5 (NA) | 24.6 (NA) | L | U | L | L | L | L |
| FBNC 1992 [39] | fluoxetine | frequency of binge-eating and purging episodes, weight, HAMD, drop outs due to adverse events | 20,60 | 8 | 129 | 129 | 26.4 (6.2) | 27.7 (8.0) | L | U | L | L | L | L |
| Beumont 1997 [50] | fluoxetine | frequency of vomiting and binge eating episodes, HAMD | 60 | 8 | 34 | 33 | 24.2 (4.5) | 25.1 (5.8) | L | U | L | L | L | L |
| Jacobi 2002 [51] | fluoxetine, CBT | frequency of bing eaing and purging episode, BDI | 20–60 | 16 | 18 | 19 | 26.0 (5.8) | 26.0 (5.8) | L | U | H | L | L | L |
| Kanerva 1994 [52] | fluoxetine | weight, HAMD, drop outs due to adverse events | 60 | 8 | 24 | 26 | 25.2 (9.9) | 25.2 (9.9) | L | U | L | U | L | L |
| Marcus 1990 [53] | fluoxetine | weight, BDI | 60 | 52 | 18 | 15 | 40.3 (9.5) | 40.9 (7.9) | L | L | L | L | L | L |
| Sundblad 2005 [54] | citalopram | frequency of binge eating episodes | 20–40 | 12 | 18 | 14 | 26.0 (NA) | 28.0 (NA) | L | U | L | L | L | L |
| Fichter 1997 [28] | fluvoxamine | drop-outs due to adverse events, CGI,HAMD | 100–300 | 15 | 37 | 35 | 25.2 (NA) | 23.7 (NA) | L | L | L | L | L | L |
| Safer 2020 [41] | topiramate | frequency of binge eating episodes, drop outs due to adverse events |
3.75 /23; 15 /92 |
12 | 22 | 22 | 42.9 (10.1) | 42.9 (10.1) | L | U | L | L | L | L |
| Nickel 2005 [55] | topiramate | frequency of bing eating episodes, weight | 25–250 | 10 | 30 | 30 | 21.5 (3.1) | 21.5 (3.1) | L | L | L | L | L | L |
| Hoopes 2003 [56] | topiramate | frequency of binge and purge days, drop outs due to adverse events | 25–400 | 10 | 35 | 34 | 29.0 (9.7) | 29.6 (8.1) | L | L | L | L | L | L |
| Fahy 1993 [57] | fenfluramine | weight, frequency of binge eating and vomiting episodes | 45 | 8 | 20 | 23 | 23.0 (0.6) | 25.0 (1.4) | L | U | L | L | L | L |
| Carruba 2001 [58] | moclobemide | frequency of binge eating and vomiting episodes, HAMD, drop outs due to adverse events | 600 | 6 | 38 | 39 | 25.6 (0.8) | 25.1 (0.9) | L | U | L | L | L | L |
| Pope 1983 [59] | lmipramine | frequency of binge eating episodes, HAMD, dropout due to adverse events | 50 | 6 | 11 | 11 | 27.9 (6.2) | 27.6 (6.3) | L | U | L | L | L | L |
| Alger 1991 [60] | lmipramine | weight, BDI, dropout due to adverse events | 50–150 | 8 | 12 | 11 | 40 (0.6) | 30 (0.8) | L | U | L | L | L | L |
| Agras 1987 [61] | lmipramine | frequency of binge eating and purging episodes, BDI | 50–300 | 16 | 10 | 10 | 30.3 (NA) | 31.5 (NA) | L | U | L | L | L | L |
| Rothschild 1994 [62] | lmipramine | HAMD | 150 | 6 | 6 | 10 | 32.2 (47.2) | 29.7 (24.7) | L | U | L | U | L | L |
| McCann 1990 [63] | desipramine | frequency of binge eating episodes, BDI, weight | 25–300 | 12 | 15 | 15 | NA | NA | L | U | L | L | L | L |
| Agras 1992 [64] | desipramine, CBT | frequency of binge eating and purging episodes | 50–350 | 24 | 12 | 23 | 29.6 (8.9) | 29.6 (8.9) | L | U | L | L | L | L |
| Walsh 1997 [65] | desipramine, CBT,SPT | frequency of binge eating and vomiting episodes, BDI, weight | 200–300 | 16 | 23 | 25 | 26.1 (5.7) | 25.8 (4.4) | L | U | L | L | L | L |
| Walsh 1991 [66] | desipramine | HAMD, BDI, dropout due to adverse events | 200–300 | 6 | 40 | 38 | 25.7 (5.6) | 24.8 (4.5) | L | U | L | L | L | L |
| Walsh 1984 [67] | phenelzine | frequency of binge eating episodes, HAMD, drop outs due to adverse events | 60–90 | 8 | 9 | 11 | 26.9 (5.1) | 26.0 (4.5) | L | U | L | L | L | L |
| Walsh 1988 [68] | phenelzine | the frequency of binge eating episodes, BDI, HAMD, drop outs due to adverse events | 60–90 | 8 | 31 | 31 | 26.9 (4.3) | 27.1 (5.2) | L | U | L | L | L | L |
| Walsh 1985 [69] | phenelzine | the frequency of binge eating episodes, HAMD, drop outs due to adverse events | 60–90 | 8 | 14 | 16 | 27.8 (4.7) | 27.2 (5.3) | L | U | L | L | L | L |
| Rothschild 1994 [62] | phenelzine | HAMD | 45 | 6 | 8 | 10 | 37.1 (27.5) | 29.7 (24.7) | L | U | L | U | L | L |
| Hsu 1991 [70] | lithium | the frequency of binge eating and vomiting episodes, HAMD, BDI, weight | 300 | 8 | 27 | 23 | 25.4 (7.0) | 25.4 (7.0) | L | U | L | L | L | L |
| Kennedy 1993 [71] | brofaromine | the frequency of vomiting and binge eating episodes, HAMD, drop outs due to adverse events | 175 | 8 | 19 | 17 | 27.6 (6.7) | 25.9 (6.4) | L | U | L | L | L | L |
BDI Beck Depression Inventory, HAMD Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, L low risk, U Unclear risk, H High risk