Table 2.

Publications reporting specific QPIs for the surgical management of oesophageal cancer

Type	Quality of care indicator	References
Structural	Multidisciplinary team care/conferences	[10]
Process	RO resection	[1, 9, 16, 18]
	Lymphadenectomy ≥ 15 nodes	[1, 9, 14, 15, 30, 39, 43]
	Administration of Induction Chemoradiation Therapy	[1, 2, 9, 27]
	Staging investigations CT neck/thorax/abdomen PET Staging laparoscopy	[2, 10, 43]
	Proportion of patients with OC beyond the mucosa (T2–4 NAny M0-1a) who received neoadjuvant treatment	[43]
	Proportion of patients diagnosed with cT1a OC undergoing endoscopic mucosal resection who had an en bloc resection	[43]
	Two or three-phase oesophagectomy	[43]
	Proportion of patients deceased with metastatic OC who received palliative support	[43]
	Accurate pathology reporting	[43]
	Proportion of patients diagnosed with recurrent OC discussed at the multidisciplinary team meeting prior to any treatment	[43]
	Pre-operative nutritional support	[43]
	Surgeon training	[41]
	Multidisciplinary esophagectomy care pathway	[11, 31]
Outcome	30-day mortality/90-day mortality	[2, 21, 24–26, 41]
	30-day/90-day comprehensive complication index	[26]
	In-hospital mortality	[16]
	Intraoperative blood loss	[41]
	Anastomotic leakage (all ECCG grades)	[16]
	No surgically related unplanned readmission within 30 days	[19]
	No reintervention	[30]
	No readmission related to surgical procedure	[16]
	Length of stay < 21 days	[30]
	No intraoperative complication	[30]
	Failure to rescue	[19]
	Pulmonary complications	[26]
	Severe post-operative complications (CD3 A and above)	[22]
	ICU readmission	[16]

Summary of reported and/or evaluated QPIs for surgical management of OC