Table 1.
Patient characteristics
| Patients (n = 152) N (%), mean ± SD, or median [IQR] |
Available values (XX/152) | |
|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 60.6 ± 9.7 | 152/152 |
| Sex | 152/152 | |
| Male | 110 (72.4) | |
| Female | 42 (27.6) | |
| Atrial fibrillation | 152/152 | |
| Paroxysmal | 95 (62.5) | |
| Persistent | 57 (37.5) | |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 27.9 ± 4.1 | 151/152 |
| Smoking | 23 (15.1) | 152/152 |
| Hypertension | 80 (52.6) | 152/152 |
| Diabetes | 14 (9.2) | 152/152 |
| Coronary artery disease | 11 (7.2) | 152/152 |
| Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) | 13 (8.6) | 152/152 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 5 (3.3) | 152/152 |
| Sleep apnea | 9 (5.9) | 152/152 |
| Symptoms (mEHRA score) | 152/152 | |
| mEHRA 1 | 14 (9.2) | |
| mEHRA 2a | 34 (22.4) | |
| mEHRA 2b | 48 (31.6) | |
| mEHRA 3 | 34 (22.4) | |
| mEHRA 4 | 22 (14.5) | |
| CHA2DS2VASC score | 1 [0–3] | 152/152 |
| Atrial dimensions in PLAX | 152/152 | |
| No enlargement (≤ 34 mm) | 27 (17.8) | |
| Mild enlargement (35–41 mm) | 55 (36.2) | |
| Moderate enlargement (42–48 mm) | 43 (28.3) | |
| Severe enlargement (≥ 48 mm) | 27 (17.8) | |
| Medication | 152/152 | |
| Betablockers | 106 (69.7) | |
| Anti-arrhythmic drugs | 126 (82.9) | |
| None | 8 (5.3) |
BMI body mass index, HFrEF heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, IQR interquartile range, mEHRA score modified European Heart Rhythm Association score, PLAX parasternal long axis view, SD standard deviation