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. 2023 Dec 3;13:21314. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-48568-6

Table 2.

Descriptive statistics of selected variables.

Variable name Full sample (N = 812) With insurance (N = 114) Without insurance (N = 698) t tests
Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD
Respondent has an earthquake insurance 0.144 0.347
Socio-demographics
Age 40.507 15.909 41.377 16.931 40.365 15.732 1.011***
Gender 0.260 0.439 0.307 0.461 0.252 0.434 0.055***
Ethnicity: Hispanic 0.054 0.226 0.070 0.256 0.052 0.221 0.019***
Race: White 0.820 0.384 0.807 0.395 0.822 0.382 -0.015*
Race: African American or Black 0.036 0.186 0.018 0.131 0.039 0.193 -0.021***
Race: American Indian 0.081 0.273 0.070 0.256 0.083 0.276 -0.013**
With insurance (N = 114)Race: Asian 0.017 0.130 0.026 0.160 0.016 0.125 0.010***
Belongs to two or more races 0.036 0.186 0.053 0.223 0.033 0.179 0.019***
Democrat 0.289 0.454 0.219 0.414 0.301 0.459 -0.082***
Republican 0.372 0.483 0.482 0.500 0.354 0.478 0.129***
Independent 0.339 0.473 0.298 0.458 0.345 0.475 -0.047***
Years lived in Oklahoma 8.246 9.735 10.895 10.287 7.814 9.573 3.081***
Rents the property 0.499 0.500 0.263 0.440 0.537 0.499 -0.274***
Education: less than high school 0.097 0.296 0.053 0.223 0.105 0.306 -0.052***
Education: high school 0.413 0.492 0.281 0.449 0.434 0.496 -0.153***
Education: associate degree 0.195 0.396 0.246 0.431 0.186 0.389 0.059***
Education: undergraduate degree 0.202 0.401 0.298 0.458 0.186 0.389 0.112***
Education: graduate degree 0.094 0.291 0.123 0.328 0.089 0.285 0.034***
Education: professional degree 0.262 0.440 0.122 0.327 0.285 0.451 -0.162***
Incomeless$25,000 0.294 0.456 0.289 0.454 0.295 0.456 -0.006
Inc$25000_$49,999 0.219 0.414 0.307 0.461 0.205 0.404 0.102***
Inc$50000_$74,999 0.116 0.320 0.123 0.328 0.115 0.319 0.008
Inc$75000_$99,999 0.062 0.240 0.096 0.295 0.056 0.230 0.041***
Inc$10000_$124,999 0.047 0.211 0.061 0.240 0.044 0.206 0.017***
Inc$125000_above .048 0.211 0.096 0.007 0.056 0.002 0.041***
Respondents’ attitudes towards earthquakes in Oklahoma
No earthquake-related damage 0.773 0.419 0.773 0.419 0.782 0.413 -0.063***
Earthquake-related damage is minor 0.167 0.373 0.193 0.395 0.163 0.370 0.029***
Earthquake-related damage is moderate 0.026 0.159 0.061 0.240 0.020 0.140 0.041***
Earthquake-related damage is major 0.026 0.159 0.018 0.131 0.027 0.163 -0.010***
Other earthquake-related damage 0.007 0.086 0.009 0.093 0.007 0.084 0.002
Respondents’ attitudes toward earthquakes in Oklahoma
Abrupt stoppage of wastewater injection 0.361 0.480 0.360 0.480 0.361 0.480 -0.001
Believes wastewater injection be stopped following science 0.590 0.492 0.579 0.494 0.592 0.492 -0.013
Believes main source of revenue to OK is the oil and gas industry 0.682 0.466 0.649 0.477 0.688 0.463 -0.039***
Believes main source of jobs to OK is the oil and gas industry 0.776 0.417 0.789 0.408 0.774 0.418 0.016
Earthquake-related safety concern 0.591 0.492 0.623 0.485 0.586 0.493 0.037***
State should regulate environmental quality 0.772 0.419 0.789 0.408 0.769 0.421 0.020***
Oil and gas companies at residential property 0.193 0.644 0.421 1.184 0.156 0.493 0.265***
Works in the oil and gas industry 0.167 0.373 0.263 0.440 0.152 0.359 0.111***
Oil and gas leases revenue 0.148 0.355 0.246 0.431 0.132 0.338 0.114***
Expects to work in oil and gas companies one day 0.062 0.240 0.132 0.338 0.050 0.218 0.081***
Has experienced earthquakes in the past 0.755 0.430 0.781 0.414 0.751 0.432 0.030***
Wastewater injection is responsible for earthquakes in Oklahoma 0.570 0.495 0.605 0.489 0.564 0.496 0.041***