Figure 3. Replication cycle of ssDNA virus. Replication cycle of ssDNA virus. ssDNA viruses bind and enter their host cells to start their life cycle. As the ssDNA gets inside the vesicle, it releases its ssDNA within the nucleus—next, the ssDNA changes into dsDNA, which is then translated into early cytoplasmic mRNA. The early messenger RNA is then translated into different regulatory proteins that help to replicate the whole genome. Structural proteins are produced by translating the mRNA from the dsDNA transcription. Packaged and released outside the cell are newly duplicated ssDNA and structural proteins (created using BioRender.com).