Table 3. Usual intake distribution of zinc (mg/d) among 1–5-year-old Korean children (n = 2,679)1),2) .
| Group | Mean ± SE | 95% CL | P1 | P5 | P10 | P25 | P50 | P75 | P90 | P95 | P99 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total subjects | 5.50 ± 0.04 | 5.42–5.57 | 2.17 | 3.10 | 3.65 | 4.56 | 5.46 | 6.39 | 7.30 | 7.84 | 9.10 | |
| Age group | ||||||||||||
| 1–2 yrs | 5.01 ± 0.06 | 4.88–5.14 | 1.84 | 2.71 | 3.08 | 3.80 | 4.87 | 6.02 | 7.07 | 7.72 | 9.55 | |
| 3–5 yrs | 5.83 ± 0.04 | 5.75–5.90 | 3.06 | 3.93 | 4.31 | 5.04 | 5.80 | 6.64 | 7.38 | 7.88 | 8.56 | |
| Gender | ||||||||||||
| Boys | 5.60 ± 0.05 | 5.50–5.70 | 2.24 | 3.08 | 3.63 | 4.64 | 5.59 | 6.58 | 7.50 | 8.02 | 9.11 | |
| Girls | 5.38 ± 0.05 | 5.29–5.48 | 2.13 | 3.20 | 3.66 | 4.47 | 5.35 | 6.24 | 7.07 | 7.45 | 8.97 | |
| Age group × Gender | ||||||||||||
| 1–2 yrs, boys | 5.07 ± 0.09 | 4.89–5.25 | 1.60 | 2.71 | 3.03 | 3.88 | 4.97 | 6.10 | 7.20 | 7.73 | 9.44 | |
| 1–2 yrs, girls | 4.94 ± 0.09 | 4.75–5.13 | 1.93 | 2.66 | 3.18 | 3.77 | 4.74 | 5.88 | 6.90 | 7.57 | 9.97 | |
| 3–5 yrs, boys | 5.98 ± 0.05 | 5.88–6.09 | 3.07 | 4.00 | 4.45 | 5.16 | 5.93 | 6.82 | 7.64 | 8.07 | 8.69 | |
| 3–5 yrs, girls | 5.66 ± 0.05 | 5.56–5.76 | 2.98 | 3.80 | 4.18 | 4.90 | 5.59 | 6.39 | 7.14 | 7.45 | 8.42 | |
| Living area | ||||||||||||
| Urban | 5.51 ± 0.04 | 5.43–5.59 | 2.23 | 3.18 | 3.66 | 4.57 | 5.46 | 6.42 | 7.32 | 7.86 | 9.11 | |
| Rural | 5.43 ± 0.09 | 5.26–5.61 | 1.94 | 2.79 | 3.63 | 4.53 | 5.47 | 6.21 | 7.21 | 7.63 | 8.70 | |
| Household income | ||||||||||||
| Low | 5.23 ± 0.14 | 4.95–5.50 | 2.09 | 2.90 | 3.36 | 4.21 | 5.15 | 6.24 | 7.07 | 7.44 | 8.61 | |
| Medium-low | 5.46 ± 0.07 | 5.33–5.59 | 2.17 | 3.18 | 3.67 | 4.53 | 5.38 | 6.27 | 7.26 | 7.85 | 9.34 | |
| Medium-high | 5.49 ± 0.06 | 5.38–5.60 | 2.22 | 3.09 | 3.61 | 4.57 | 5.49 | 6.40 | 7.28 | 7.75 | 8.83 | |
| High | 5.66 ± 0.07 | 5.52–5.80 | 2.03 | 3.24 | 3.77 | 4.77 | 5.66 | 6.57 | 7.40 | 8.01 | 9.11 | |
CL, confidence limit; P, percentile.
1)All analyses accounted for the complex sampling design effect and appropriate sampling weights.
2)To estimate usual zinc intake, zinc intake obtained from 1-day 24-h recall data was adjusted using the method described in the Nutrient Adequacy: Assessment Using Food Consumption Surveys (National Research Council, 1986). The adjusted (usual) zinc intake for each child was calculated using the ratio of within-to-between-person variance of zinc intake obtained from 2-day 24-h recall data of the 2009 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (0.59 for 1–2 yrs and 2.45 for 3–5 yrs).