Comparison of drug response between patients on drug treatment and their corresponding cancer organoids
(A) The heatmap summarizes the results for the 13 PDOs and corresponding patient drug responses.
(B) Ex vivo chemosensitivity of 13 BTC organoids to combined chemotherapy or 5-FU in the form of dose-response curves are displayed for each organoid (n = 3 independent experiments for each). AUC was calculated from the raw dose-response data and is displayed as a violin plot.
(C) Effects on the viability of treatment with gemcitabine plus cisplatin (GemCis) using an organoid-formation assay. Red square, resistant; no square, no viable cells. Scale bar, 100 μm.
(D) CT scan of patient ECC20T before and 3 months after treatment with gemcitabine plus oxaliplatin. The liver metastasis disappeared or showed shrinkage in size.