Table 2.
Differences in psychological variables according to characteristics.
| n | Effort | Reward | ERI | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | B | C | D | Total | E | F | G | Total | ||||
| Gender |
Men | 709 | 3.52 | 4.19 | 3.48 | 3.92 | 3.74 | 3.13 | 3.39 | 4.01 | 3.46 | 1.10 |
| 0.73 | 0.65 | 0.90 | 0.78 | 0.58 | 0.88 | 0.70 | 0.68 | 0.65 | 0.19 | |||
| Women | 86 | 3.22 | 4.06 | 3.48 | 3.79 | 3.58 | 3.08 | 3.37 | 3.98 | 3.42 | 1.07 | |
| 0.60 | 0.63 | 0.77 | 0.69 | 0.47 | 0.84 | 0.73 | 0.59 | 0.65 | 0.19 | |||
| t | 13.379 *** |
2.848 | 0.001 | 2.071 | 6.208 * |
0.260 | 0.101 | 0.197 | 0.272 | 2.896 | ||
| Professional league sports | Yes | 291 | 3.69 | 4.26 | 3.66 | 4.02 | 3.88 | 3.28 | 3.48 | 4.06 | 3.56 | 1.10 |
| 0.68 | 0.62 | 0.86 | 0.73 | 0.56 | 0.84 | 0.69 | 0.64 | 0.62 | 0.17 | |||
| No | 504 | 3.36 | 4.12 | 3.39 | 3.84 | 3.63 | 3.03 | 3.34 | 3.98 | 3.39 | 1.09 | |
| 0.72 | 0.66 | 0.89 | 0.79 | 0.56 | 0.88 | 0.70 | 0.69 | 0.66 | 0.19 | |||
| t | 39.358 *** |
8.638 ** |
17.663 *** |
10.517 ** |
35.415 *** |
15.315 *** |
6.541 * |
2.917 | 12.560 *** |
1.149 | ||
| Training frequency | 2~5 (a) | 254 | 3.35 | 4.12 | 3.31 | 3.86 | 3.62 | 3.10 | 3.42 | 3.92 | 3.43 | 1.07 |
| 0.67 | 0.58 | 0.86 | 0.76 | 0.54 | 0.90 | 0.69 | 0.67 | 0.67 | 0.18 | |||
| 6 (b) | 443 | 3.52 | 4.17 | 3.57 | 3.94 | 3.76 | 3.13 | 3.40 | 4.06 | 3.47 | 1.09 | |
| 0.72 | 0.68 | 0.87 | 0.78 | 0.57 | 0.86 | 0.70 | 0.67 | 0.65 | 0.18 | |||
| 7 (c) | 98 | 3.66 | 4.35 | 3.56 | 3.90 | 3.84 | 3.15 | 3.28 | 4.01 | 3.43 | 1.13 | |
| 0.83 | 0.64 | 0.95 | 0.77 | 0.60 | 0.91 | 0.71 | 0.64 | 0.64 | 0.17 | |||
| F | 7.487 ** |
4.434 * |
7.773 *** |
0.745 | 7.346 ** |
0.158 | 1.576 | 3.538 | 0.477 | 3.668 * |
||
| Scheffe | a<b,c | a,b<c | a<b,c | - | a<b,c | - | - | - | - | a<c | ||
| Training time | 1~3 (d) | 304 | 3.44 | 4.12 | 3.43 | 3.88 | 3.67 | 3.08 | 3.37 | 3.98 | 3.42 | 1.09 |
| 0.65 | 0.62 | 0.85 | 0.75 | 0.54 | 0.85 | 0.64 | 0.66 | 0.62 | 0.17 | |||
| 4~5 (e) | 322 | 3.44 | 4.18 | 3.46 | 3.88 | 3.70 | 3.03 | 3.31 | 3.97 | 3.38 | 1.11 | |
| 0.78 | 0.68 | 0.92 | 0.81 | 0.60 | 0.87 | 0.70 | 0.67 | 0.64 | 0.18 | |||
| 6~7 (f) | 169 | 3.65 | 4.26 | 3.64 | 4.01 | 3.85 | 3.38 | 3.59 | 4.15 | 3.66 | 1.07 | |
| 0.74 | 0.64 | 0.87 | 0.75 | 0.55 | 0.90 | 0.77 | 0.68 | 0.69 | 0.19 | |||
| F | 5.309 ** |
2.784 | 3.472 * |
1.879 | 5.922 ** |
9.439 *** |
9.546 *** |
4.563 * |
11.229 *** |
2.285 | ||
| Scheffe | d,e<f | - | d,e<f | - | d,e<f | d,e<f | d,e<f | d,e<f | d,e<f | - | ||
A: training reinforcement efforts, B: interpersonal relationship efforts, C: nutrition management efforts, D: cognitive and psychological efforts, E: future stability, F: social support, G: positive growth, ERI: effort-reward imbalance* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, assessed through one-way analysis of variance