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. 2023 Oct 27;89:327–340. doi: 10.5114/jhk/173018

Table 2.

Differences in psychological variables according to characteristics.

n Effort Reward ERI
A B C D Total E F G Total
Gender
Men 709 3.52 4.19 3.48 3.92 3.74 3.13 3.39 4.01 3.46 1.10
0.73 0.65 0.90 0.78 0.58 0.88 0.70 0.68 0.65 0.19
Women 86 3.22 4.06 3.48 3.79 3.58 3.08 3.37 3.98 3.42 1.07
0.60 0.63 0.77 0.69 0.47 0.84 0.73 0.59 0.65 0.19
t 13.379
***
2.848 0.001 2.071 6.208
*
0.260 0.101 0.197 0.272 2.896
Professional league sports Yes 291 3.69 4.26 3.66 4.02 3.88 3.28 3.48 4.06 3.56 1.10
0.68 0.62 0.86 0.73 0.56 0.84 0.69 0.64 0.62 0.17
No 504 3.36 4.12 3.39 3.84 3.63 3.03 3.34 3.98 3.39 1.09
0.72 0.66 0.89 0.79 0.56 0.88 0.70 0.69 0.66 0.19
t 39.358
***
8.638
**
17.663
***
10.517
**
35.415
***
15.315
***
6.541
*
2.917 12.560
***
1.149
Training frequency 2~5 (a) 254 3.35 4.12 3.31 3.86 3.62 3.10 3.42 3.92 3.43 1.07
0.67 0.58 0.86 0.76 0.54 0.90 0.69 0.67 0.67 0.18
6 (b) 443 3.52 4.17 3.57 3.94 3.76 3.13 3.40 4.06 3.47 1.09
0.72 0.68 0.87 0.78 0.57 0.86 0.70 0.67 0.65 0.18
7 (c) 98 3.66 4.35 3.56 3.90 3.84 3.15 3.28 4.01 3.43 1.13
0.83 0.64 0.95 0.77 0.60 0.91 0.71 0.64 0.64 0.17
F 7.487
**
4.434
*
7.773
***
0.745 7.346
**
0.158 1.576 3.538 0.477 3.668
*
Scheffe a<b,c a,b<c a<b,c - a<b,c - - - - a<c
Training time 1~3 (d) 304 3.44 4.12 3.43 3.88 3.67 3.08 3.37 3.98 3.42 1.09
0.65 0.62 0.85 0.75 0.54 0.85 0.64 0.66 0.62 0.17
4~5 (e) 322 3.44 4.18 3.46 3.88 3.70 3.03 3.31 3.97 3.38 1.11
0.78 0.68 0.92 0.81 0.60 0.87 0.70 0.67 0.64 0.18
6~7 (f) 169 3.65 4.26 3.64 4.01 3.85 3.38 3.59 4.15 3.66 1.07
0.74 0.64 0.87 0.75 0.55 0.90 0.77 0.68 0.69 0.19
F 5.309
**
2.784 3.472
*
1.879 5.922
**
9.439
***
9.546
***
4.563
*
11.229
***
2.285
Scheffe d,e<f - d,e<f - d,e<f d,e<f d,e<f d,e<f d,e<f -

A: training reinforcement efforts, B: interpersonal relationship efforts, C: nutrition management efforts, D: cognitive and psychological efforts, E: future stability, F: social support, G: positive growth, ERI: effort-reward imbalance* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, assessed through one-way analysis of variance