Table 3. Characterization of Al2O3 Thin Films Deposited onto Sample Surfaces after 20 ALD Cycles Included Thickness Calculations from ARXPS and XPS Measurements and AFM Roughness Measurementsa.
surface | thickness (nm) (based on XPS) | ALD growth rate (nm/cycle) | selectivity (%) (based on XPS) | AFM RMS roughness (nm) |
---|---|---|---|---|
OH–Si(100) | 2.16 | 0.11 | -- | 0.49 |
H-Si(100) | 1.49 | 0.07 | 18.5 | 0.53 |
Cl(H)–Si(100) | 1.16 | 0.06 | 30.0 | 0.21 |
Br(H)–Si(100) | 1.23 | 0.06 | 27.6 | 0.76 |
I(H)–Si(100) | 1.32 | 0.07 | 24.2 | 0.78 |
Selectivity is defined as a proportion between the surface concentration of Al atoms on the OH–Si(100) reference and the surface concentration of Al atoms on the Hal-Si(100) surfaces, all values found using XPS and normalized to the Si 2p signal.