Table 2.
Clinical outcomes and costs
| ICU1/2 group | ICU3/4 group | Difference | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 71,412 | n = 46,330 | |||
| Clinical outcomes | ||||
| ICU mortality rates | 1870 (2.6%) | 1983 (4.3%) | < 0.001 | |
| In-hospital mortality rates | 4316 (6.1%) | 4102 (8.9%) | < 0.001 | |
| Length of ICU stay, days | 2.8 (3.1) | 2.7 (3.0) | < 0.001 | |
| Length of hospital stay, days | 27.0 (28.2) | 23.6 (23.3) | < 0.001 | |
| Cost | ||||
| Cost (excluding surgery and anesthesia), JPY | 571,106 (763,141) | 397,756 (507,567) | 173,350 | < 0.001 |
| Total cost, JPY | 2,249,270 (1,955,953) | 1,682,546 (1,588,928) | 566,724 | < 0.001 |
| Life expectancy, years | 19.29 | 17.35 | 1.93 | |
| LYG, years | 12.50 | 11.25 | 1.25 | |
| QALY, years | 7.87 | 7.08 | 0.79 | |
| ICER, JPY/QALY | 718,659 |
Data represent number (frequency), or mean (SD). Costs are expressed in JPY
SD standard deviation, ICU intensive care unit, LYG life year gained, QALY quality-adjusted life-year, ICER incremental cost-effectiveness