Table 2.

Associations between birth outcomes and early AR

Birth outcomes		Sample size (n)	Early AR [RR (95%CI)]
			Model 1	Model 2
Categorical variables
Birth weight
	LBW	60	1.92(1.43,2.58)**	1.86(1.28,2.51)**
	ABW	2430	1.00	1.00
	HBW	215	0.71(0.55,0.92)**	0.65(0.50,0.85)**
Gestational age
	PTB	111	1.55(1.21,1.98)**	1.50(1.17,1.93)**
	NPTB	2594	1.00	1.00
Birth weight by gestational age
	SGA	264	1.32(1.10,1.58)**	1.37(1.14,1.64)**
	AGA	2002	1.00	1.00
	LGA	439	0.85(0.71,1.01)	0.79(0.66,0.94)**

Abbreviations: PTB, premature birth; NPTB, non-premature birth; HBW, high birth weight; ABW, adequate birth weight; LBW, low birth weight; LGA, large for gestational age; AGA, appropriate for gestational age; SGA, small for gestational age; AR, adiposity rebound

Model 1: Crude model

Model 2: Adjusted for maternal age, family monthly income per capita, maternal education level, paternal education level, maternal pre-pregnancy BMI, paternal BMI, parity, maternal metabolic dysfunctions during pregnancy, alcohol use during pregnancy, tobacco use during pregnancy, iron supplementation during pregnancy, folic acid supplementation during pregnancy, and children’s sex

*: P < 0.05; **: P < 0.01