Table 4.

Associations of the trajectories of physical growth and early AR in children

Physical growth indicators		Sample size (n)	Early AR[RR (95%CI)]
			Model 1	Model 2
Waist circumference
30–72 months
	Normal waist circumference trajectory	1456	1.00	1.00
	High waist circumference trajectory	1035	2.58(2.24,2.96)**	2.52(2.19,2.90)**
	Very high waist circumference trajectory	193	4.47(3.73,5.37)**	4.17(3.43,5.06)**
Body fat
48–72 months
	Normal body fat trajectory	1610	1.00	1.00
	High body fat trajectory	578	3.20(2.80,3.66)**	3.01(2.62,3.46)**
BMI z scores
Birth-72 months
	Low BMI trajectory	570	0.76(0.62,0.92)**	0.78(0.63,0.95)*
	Rising BMI trajectory	241	3.30(2.80,3.89)**	3.15(2.66,3.72)**
	Medium BMI trajectory	1183	1.00	1.00
	High BMI trajectory	541	1.21(1.01,1.44)*	1.18(0.99,1.40)
	Very high BMI trajectory	174	3.00(2.50,3.63)**	2.83(2.33,3.43)**

Abbreviations: early AR, early adiposity rebound; BMI, body mass index

Model 1: Crude model

Model 2: Adjusted for maternal age, family monthly income per capita, maternal education level, paternal education level, maternal pre-pregnancy BMI, paternal BMI, parity, maternal metabolic dysfunctions during pregnancy, alcohol use during pregnancy, tobacco use during pregnancy, iron supplementation during pregnancy, folic acid supplementation during pregnancy, and children’s sex

*: P < 0.05; **: P < 0.01