Table 3.
Logistic regression analysis of features for diagnosing HCC
| HCC (n = 250) | Non-HCC (n = 176) | Univariable analysis | Multivariable analysis | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | p value | OR | p value | |||
| Major features | ||||||
| APHE | 220 (88.0) | 95 (54.0) | 6.25 (3.86–10.14) | < 0.001 | 3.12 (1.71–5.70) | < 0.001 |
| Washout | 193 (77.2) | 31 (17.6) | 14.73 (9.08–23.92) | < 0.001 | 10.74 (6.30-18.28) | < 0.001 |
| Enhancing capsule | 117 (46.8) | 17 (9.7) | 8.23 (4.71–14.38) | < 0.001 | 7.13 (3.74–13.61) | < 0.001 |
| Threshold growtha | 32 (12.8) | 22 (12.5) | 1.03 (0.58–1.84) | 0.927 | ||
| Ancillary features | ||||||
| Subthreshold growthb | 37 (14.8) | 15 (8.5) | 1.87 (0.99–3.51) | 0.054 | ||
| Corona enhancement | 17 (6.8) | 12 (6.8) | 0.99 (0.46–2.14) | 0.994 | ||
| Fat sparing in solid mass | 4 (1.6) | 2 (1.1) | 1.42 (0.26–7.81) | 0.691 | ||
| Restricted diffusion | 229 (91.6) | 147 (83.5) | 2.15 (1.18–3.91) | 0.012 | ||
| Mild-moderate T2 hyperintensity | 232 (92.8) | 143 (8.1) | 3.62 (1.90–6.89) | < 0.001 | ||
| Iron sparing in solid mass | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | - | - | ||
| TP hypointensity | 222 (88.8) | 122 (69.3) | 3.51 (2.11–5.83) | < 0.001 | ||
| HBP hypointensity | 236 (94.4) | 142 (80.7) | 4.04 (2.10–7.78) | < 0.001 | ||
| No-nenhancing capsule | 8 (3.2) | 3 (1.7) | 1.91 (0.50–7.29) | 0.346 | ||
| Nodule-in-nodule | 15 (6.0) | 1 (0.5) | 11.17 (1.46–85.36) | 0.02 | 9.83 (1.22–79.27) | 0.032 |
| Mosaic architecture | 12 (4.8) | 3 (1.7) | 2.91 (0.81–10.46) | 0.102 | ||
| Fat-in-mass, more than adjacent liver | 19 (7.6) | 5 (2.8) | 2.81 (1.03–7.68) | 0.044 | ||
| Blood products in mass | 18 (7.2) | 3 (1.7) | 4.48(1.30-15.43) | 0.018 | ||
Data (HCC and non-HCC columns) are the number of observations with the percentage in parentheses. Data in parentheses (OR columns) are 95% confidence intervals. aData refer to 65 HCCs and 69 non-HCC lesions that were examined by EOB-MRI, CE-MRI or CECT within the previous 6 months for which threshold growth could be measured; bData refer to 62 HCCs and 30 non-HCC lesions that were examined by EOB-MRI, CE-MRI or CECT within the previous 1 or 2 years for which the subthreshold growth could be measured. HCC Hepatocellular carcinoma, OR Odds ratio, APHE Arterial-phase hyperenhancement, TP Transitional phase, HBP Hepatobiliary phase