TABLE V.
Modeling of 2-Year MOXFQ Total Score Improvement*
| Preoperative | 2-Yr Improvement | 2-Yr Model | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. Available | Mean | 95% CI | P Value | Mean | 95% CI | Effect Estimate | P Value | R2 | |
| Overall model R2 | 0.1368 | ||||||||
| Preoperative score | 0.5437 | <0.001 | 0.076 | ||||||
| BMI | — | NS | — | ||||||
| Male† | 299 | 72.30 | 70.62, 73.98 | <0.0001 | 53.34 | 50.50, 56.17 | — | NS | — |
| Female | 202 | 79.29 | 77.43, 81.16 | 52.26 | 48.59, 55.94 | ||||
| Age ≥65 yr‡ | 324 | 73.70 | 72.05, 75.36 | 0.0029 | 54.81 | 52.11, 57.50 | 6.97 | 0.0029 | 0.0146 |
| Age <65 yr | 176 | 77.77 | 75.79, 79.74 | 49.29 | 45.31, 53.27 | ||||
| Patient-specific instrumentation§ | 99 | 73.48 | 70.44, 76.52 | 0.2134 | 52.59 | 47.70, 57.48 | — | NS | — |
| Standard instrumentation | 402 | 75.52 | 74.11, 76.94 | 52.99 | 50.46, 55.52 | ||||
| Diagnosis: posttraumatic# | 138 | 76.12 | 73.61, 78.64 | 0.2067 | 55.65 | 51.64, 59.66 | 8.06 | 0.0019 | 0.016 |
| Diagnosis: inflammatory arthritis# | 38 | 78.94 | 74.68, 83.20 | 0.2932 | 49.77 | 40.08, 59.46 | — | NS | — |
| Diagnosis: degenerative | 325 | 74.25 | 72.65, 75.85 | 52.10 | 49.29, 54.91 | ||||
| Previous smoker** | 187 | 75.00 | 72.80, 77.19 | 0.3671 | 51.15 | 47.34, 54.97 | −4.65 | 0.0368 | 0.0068 |
| Current smoker** | 31 | 81.33 | 76.62, 86.03 | 0.0028 | 48.93 | 36.43, 61.42 | — | NS | — |
| Never smoker | 283 | 74.52 | 72.85, 76.20 | 54.52 | 51.73, 57.30 | ||||
| Had previous surgery†† | 131 | 77.63 | 75.02, 80.25 | 0.2218 | 47.43 | 42.59, 52.27 | −9.96 | 0.0003 | 0.0234 |
| No previous surgery | 370 | 74.23 | 72.76, 75.70 | 54.77 | 52.27, 57.26 | ||||
| Varus deformity ≥15°‡‡ | 58 | 72.91 | 68.41, 77.42 | 0.5013 | 54.60 | 47.40, 61.79 | — | NS | — |
| Varus deformity <15° | 443 | 75.41 | 74.08, 76.74 | 52.68 | 50.32, 55.04 | ||||
| Valgus deformity ≥15°§§ | 28 | 73.31 | 68.18, 78.44 | 0.1971 | 54.66 | 46.47, 62.85 | — | NS | — |
| Valgus deformity <15° | 473 | 75.23 | 73.90, 76.56 | 52.81 | 50.48, 55.14 | ||||
| COFAS type 1 | 258 | 75.52 | 73.82, 77.22 | 51.78 | 48.57, 54.99 | ||||
| COFAS type 2## | 123 | 73.12 | 70.44, 75.80 | 0.1339 | 54.78 | 50.55, 59.00 | — | NS | — |
| COFAS type 3## | 31 | 73.64 | 67.19, 80.09 | 0.4979 | 50.31 | 40.60, 60.02 | — | NS | — |
| COFAS type 4## | 89 | 77.24 | 74.08, 80.39 | 0.3396 | 54.61 | 49.14, 60.07 | — | NS | — |
NS = not significant in the final model. Baseline p values based on 1-way ANOVA; comparisons including the reference category. For factors with >2 categories, the p value is based on the least-squares mean difference between the category and the reference. For the modeling of the 2-year score improvement, a stepwise regression analysis was employed with all of the factors in the first column as predictors. For continuous variables (i.e., baseline score), the effect estimate describes the change in the improvement score if the predictor variable was increased by 1 point. For categorical variables, the effect estimate is the difference relative to the reference category.
Reference = female.
Reference = age of <65 years.
Reference = standard instrumentation.
Reference = degenerative disease.
Reference = never smoker.
Reference = no previous surgery.
Reference = varus deformity of <15°.
Reference = valgus deformity of <15°.
Reference = COFAS type 1.