FIG. 7.

Latent, integrated HIV-1 in resting CD4⁺ T cells is phylogenetically distinct from contemporaneous plasma virus in patients failing HAART. Neighbor-joining phylogenetic trees of independent clones from the plasma and culture of all 12 patients were generated using a 637-nucleotide region of RT. The scale is indicated by the bar representing 0.01 substitutions per nucleotide. The robustness of clustering was assessed using bootstrap analysis with 1,000 resamplings. Percentages of permuted trees supporting the indicated clade by >80% are shown. Resting CD4⁺ T-cell clones are represented by a circle, and plasma clones are represented by an asterisk. Clones that contain drug resistance mutations are highlighted in red.