Table 2.

Perioperative outcome (n = 314).

Patient characteristic	Laparoscopic surgery (n = 139)	Open surgery (n = 175)	P value
Operation time, minutes	208.96 ± 60.641	172.89 ± 48.173	.044
Blood loss, mL	183.17 ± 159.706 (10–1000)*	192.69 ± 271.071 (20–3500)*	.987
Conversion	4 (2.9%)
Time to flatus, days	4.44 ± 1.435	4.06 ± 1.582	.470
Time to soft food intake, days	4.75 ± 1.923	6.20 ± 3.676	.074
Duration of POD, days	12.23 ± 4.936	14.48 ± 6.597	.014
Mortality, n (%)	0	3 (1.7%)	.257
Complications, n (%)	41 (29.5%)	56 (32.0%)	.633
Tumor size, cm	5.41 ± 2.036	5.43 ± 2.377	.163
No of harvested LN	16.10 ± 8.599	13.66 ± 9.692	.886
pT4 stage, n (%)			.022
T4a	132	153
T4b	7	22
pTNM stage, n (%)			.054
IIB	91	90
IIC	6	15
IIIB	30	44
IIIC	12	26
Histologic differentiation, n (%)			.356
Well	1	1
Moderate	118	138
Poor	20	36

LN = lymph node, POD = postoperative days; n, number, TNM = tumor-node-metastasis.

^*Values are ranges.