Table 2:
Microhematuria in predicting the risk of kidney disease progression
| Study | Hematuria assessment | Definition of significant hematuria | Renal outcome | Risk of progression, HR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Goto etal. [38] | At biopsy | 1–29 RBC/HPF | ESKD | 2.83 (1.89–4.25) |
| Iwasaki etal. [40] | At biopsy | Every 20 RBC/HPF increase | ESKD | 0.75 (0.55–1.00) |
| Tanaka etal. [41] | At biopsy | ≥20 RBC/HPF | ESKD | 1.06 (0.80–1.36) |
| Ebbestad etal. [29] | At biopsy | >10 RBC/HPF or 2–3+ on dipstick | 50% reduction in eGFR or ESKD | 26% versus 6.3% |
| Yu etal. [32] | TA hematuria | >5 RBC/HPF (manual) or >28 RBC/µl (automated) |
50% reduction in eGFR or ESKD | OR 1.14 (95% CI 1.13–1.87) |
| Bobart etal. [11] | TA hematuria | ≥21 RBC/HPF | Decline in eGFR | −3.99 ml/min/1.73 m2 (−6.94–1.04) |
| Sevillano etal. [18] | TA hematuria | >5 RBC/HPF | ESKD | 2.84 (1.06–7.3) |
| Huang etal. [34] | TA hematuria | Higher than the second tertile of the whole cohort | ESKD | 3.93 (1.33–11.6) |
| Weng etal. [30] | TA hematuria | >28 RBC/µl | ESKD | 0.004 (0.001–0.008) |