Table 1.
Summary of studies of Bush-Hoffa fractures in the lateral condyles.
| Author/s | Fracture location | Fixation method | Screws direction | Surgical approach | Study design |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yao et al[49] | Lateral (type I)* | Two parallel 6.5 mm partially threaded cannulated screws | AP, PA, and PL | Not report | Experimental |
| Noufal et al[58] | Lateral | Single 30 mm Herbert headless cannulated screw | AP | Arthroscopy | Case report |
| Freitas et al[47] | Lateral (type II)* | 4.5 mm cortical screws and 7 mm cannulated screw | AP and PA | Not report | Computer simulation |
| Goos et al[59] | Lateral | Two headless compression screws | AP | Lateral parapatellar | Case report |
| Huang et al[60] | Lateral | Two 4.5 mm headless compression screws and a locking plate | PA | Posterolateral | Case report |
| Soni et al[61] | Lateral | Two partially threaded screws | AL and PL | Lateral approach (not specified) | Case report |
| Agarwal et al[62] | Lateral | Two 6.5 mm partially threaded cannulated cancellous screws and a lateral buttress plate (Recon plate) | AP | Swashbuckler | Case report |
| Tripathy et al[35] | Lateral | Two partially threaded cancellous lag screws | PA | Posterolateral | Case report |
| Supe et al[63] | Lateral type II* | Two 4.5 mm cannulated cancellous screws | AP | Lateral para patellar | Case report |
| Chouhan et al[64] | Lateral type II C* | Three headless compression screws | PA | Direct lateral | Case report |
| Sun et al[45] | Lateral type I * | 4 types, 1 6.5 mm partially threaded cannulated screw in PA direction with a 3.5 mm 6-hole LCP metaphyseal plate, 2 6.5 mm partially threaded cannulated screws in PA orientation, 1 6.5 mm partially threaded cannulated screw in PA orientation plus a 3.5 mm 7-hole LCP metaphyseal plate, 2 6.5 mm partially threaded cannulated screws in AP direction | AP and PA | Fixation in anterior-to-posterior and posterior-to-anterior. | Experimental study |
| Tetsunaga et al[65] | lateral | 3.5 mm 1/3 tubular plate combined with an LCP |
AP and PL | A lateral incision was made and the distal femur was approached between the iliotibial tract and the biceps femoris muscle |
Case series |
| Liu et al[66] | Lateral type II | L-shaped contralateral proximal and 3 anterior to posterior 5.0 mm headless cannulated | AP and PL | Lateral (not specified) | Case report |
| Xu et al[7] | Lateral type I e III* | A 3.5 mm or 4.5 mm screw and 2 screws were 6.5 mm screws | PL and PA | Posterior (not specified) | Case series |
| Ercin et al[67] | Lateral | Two to 4 6.5 mm cancellous cannulated screws | AP | Symmetrical | Case series |
| Jain et al[68] | Lateral | Two anteroposterior 6.5 mm partially threaded cancellous cannulated screws. |
AP | Lateral parapatellar mini arthrotomy | Case report |
| Gammon et al[69] | Lateral | Two synthes 3.0 headless compression screws. | PA | Lateral parapatellar arthrotomy | Case report |
| Shi et al[70] | Lateral type I, II and III* | Cannulated screws, contoured locking plate (Synthes, LCP Reconstruction Plate 3.5, straight with combined hole, 5-hole, 70mm, 6-hole, 84mm, 7-hole, 99 mm) | AP e PA | Lateral approach | Case series |
| Cheng et al[71] | Lateral | two 6.5 mm cancellous screws with 16 mm thread | AP | Lateral parapatellar | Case report |
| Kumar and Malhotra[72] | Lateral | Two lag screws; | AP | Lateral (not specified) | Case series |
| Iguchi et al[73] | Lateral type III* | Three 4.5 mm headless screws and distal femoral locking plates | AP | Lateral parapatellar | Case report |
| Oztürk et al[74] | Lateral type II* | Two partially threaded cannulated 4.5-mm-diameter titanium cancellous lag screws | AP | Medial parapatellar arthrotomy | Case report |
| Wagih et al[26] | Lateral | Two 6.5 mm partially threaded cancellous lag screws |
AP | Arthroscopic-assisted reduction | Case report |
| Pei et al[75] | Lateral type III* | Calcaneal reticular plate with 2 cannulated screws | AP | Anterolateral | Case report |
| Singh et al[76] | Lateral | At least 2 6.5 cannulated screws | AP | Swashbuckler approach | Case series |
| Jordan et al[77] | Lateral | Two lag-screws and a locking-plate | PL | Lateral (not specified) | Case report |
| Iwai et al[78] | Lateral | Two 5 mm cannulated screws | AP | Lateral subvastus | Case report |
| Soraganvi et al[79] | Lateral | Two cancellous screws | PL | Lateral arthrotomy | Case report |
| Compagnoni et al[80] | Lateral | Two parallel cannulated screws (50 mm long, diameter 4 mm—Synthes |
PL | Lateral (not specified) | Case report |
| Vaishya et al[81] | Lateral | Two 6.5 mm cannulated screws | AP | Lateral (not specified) | Case report |
| Werner and Miller[82] | Lateral | Two additional 5.5 mm cannulated partially threaded screws | PA | Posterolateral | Case report |
| Xiao et al[83] | Lateral type II – C* | Double-thread headless compression screws with the diameter of 3.5 mm | PA and PL | Antero medial and lateral-posterior | Case report |
| Somford et al[84] | Lateral | Three Acutrak Plus headless compression screws and 3.5 mm bicortical lag screw | AP and PA | Lateral parapatellar | Case series |
| Potini et al[85] | Lateral | Two Bio-Compression Screws and 1 Synthes cannulated screw | PA | Lateral (not specified) parapatellar arthrotomy | Case report |
AP = anteroposterior, LCP = locking compression plate, PA = posteroanterior, PL = posterolateral, PM = posteromedial.