Table 2.
Crude and adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of the variables associated with poor SWB.
| Poor SWB (very happy, happy, neutral, and unhappy) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crude OR (95% CI) | P value | Adjusted OR (95% CI)† | P value | |||
| Teeth numbers and sefl-rated mastication | ||||||
| ≥20 and can bite tightly bilaterally | 1 | 1 | ||||
| ≥20 and cannot bite tightly bilaterally | 1.451 (1.232–1.706) | <.001 | * | 1.181 (0.986–1.412) | .071 | |
| < 20 and can bite tightly bilaterally | 1.208 (1.054–1.383) | .006 | * | 1.114 (0.952–1.303) | .176 | |
| < 20 and cannot bite tightly bilaterally | 1.687 (1.392–2.044) | <.001 | * | 1.300 (1.043–1.621) | .020 | * |
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Female | 0.799 (0.721–0.884) | <.001 | * | 0.628 (0.557–0.707) | <.001 | * |
| Age | 0.993 (0.986–1.000) | .049 | * | 1.002 (0.994–1.011) | .583 | |
| Marital status | ||||||
| Married | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Never married | 4.092 (3.258–5.145) | <.001 | * | 3.732 (2.878–4.845) | <.001 | * |
| Divorced | 2.002 (1.545–2.593) | <.001 | * | 1.530 (1.145–2.044) | .004 | * |
| Separation | 3.469 (1.837–6.547) | <.001 | * | 2.627 (1.327–5.197) | .006 | * |
| Widowed | 1.610 (1.354–1.912) | <.001 | * | 1.557 (1.276–1.900) | <.001 | * |
| Other | 0.651 (0.284–1.487) | .308 | 0.573 (0.236–1.392) | .219 | ||
| Educational status | ||||||
| University graduate or above | 1 | 1 | ||||
| High school/junior college/professional training college/dropped out of university | 1.178 (1.004–1.381) | .044 | * | 1.332 (1.120–1.586) | .001 | * |
| Junior high school graduate. | 1.302 (1.048–1.616) | .017 | * | 1.185 (0.925–1.520) | .179 | |
| Self-rated health | ||||||
| Excellent | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Very good | 3.615 (2.886–4.527) | <.001 | * | 3.529 (2.759–4.513) | <.001 | * |
| Good | 4.860 (3.947–5.983) | <.001 | * | 4.879 (3.881–6.135) | <.001 | * |
| Fair | 11.078 (8.732–14.055) | <.001 | * | 6.482 (4.973–8.457) | <.001 | * |
| Poor | 10.751 (6.959–16.610) | <.001 | * | 6.580 (4.043–10.708) | <.001 | * |
| Household income (million yen) | ||||||
| >15 | 1 | . | 1 | |||
| 12–15 | 1.384 (0.795–2.411) | .251 | 1.344 (0.740–2.442) | .332 | ||
| 9–12 | 1.481 (0.927–2.370) | .100 | 1.314 (0.795–2.171) | .287 | ||
| 6–9 | 1.664 (1.079–2.563) | .021 | * | 1.553 (0.976–2.469) | .063 | |
| 3–6 | 2.177 (1.436–3.300) | <.001 | * | 1.898 (1.213–2.971) | .005 | * |
| <3 | 3.456 (2.280–5.238) | <.001 | * | 2.754 (1.756–4.319) | <.001 | * |
| Feelings of depression | ||||||
| Never | 1 | 1 | . | |||
| Occasionally | 2.889 (2.578–3.238) | <.001 | * | 2.762 (2.435–3.133) | <.001 | * |
| Often | 10.064 (7.949–12.756) | <.001 | * | 10.528 (8.117–13.654) | <.001 | * |
| Always | 25.254 (16.962–37.637) | <.001 | * | 22.021 (14.368–33.717) | <.001 | * |
CI = confidence interval, OR = odds ratio, SWB = subjective well-being.
*
Statistically significant (P <.05).
†
Adjusted for representative variables that were significant in univariate analysis (P <.05).