. 2023 Dec 1;102(48):e36371. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000036371

Table 2.

The diagnostic performance of four methods.

Methods	Results	CRS (n = 216)		Sensitivity	Specificity	PPV	NPV	Kappa
Methods	Results	PTB	Non-TB	Sensitivity	Specificity	PPV	NPV	Kappa
Sputum smears	Positive	40	6	29.6%	92.6%	87.0%	44.1%	0.182
Sputum smears	Negative	95	75	29.6%	92.6%	87.0%	44.1%	0.182
Sputum culture	Positive	62	2	45.9%	97.5%	96.9%	52.0%	0.370
Sputum culture	Negative	73	79	45.9%	97.5%	96.9%	52.0%	0.370
GeneXpert	Positive	80	1	59.3%	98.8%	98.8%	59.3%	0.512
GeneXpert	Negative	55	80	59.3%	98.8%	98.8%	59.3%	0.512
LAM	Positive	70	2	51.9%	97.5%	97.2%	54.9%	0.427
LAM	Negative	65	79	51.9%	97.5%	97.2%	54.9%	0.427

Sensitivity = True Positive Cases/ (True Positive Cases + False Negative Cases) × 100%; Specificity = True Negative Cases/ (True Negative Cases + False Positive Cases) × 100%; PPV = True Positive Cases/ (True Positive Cases + False Positive Cases) × 100%; NPV = True Negative Cases/ (True Negative Cases + False Negative Cases) × 100%.

CRS = composite reference standard, LAM = lipoarabinomannan, Non-TB = non-tuberculosis, NPV = negative predictive value, PPV = positive predictive value, PTB = pulmonary tuberculosis.