. 2023 Dec 1;102(48):e36371. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000036371

Table 3.

The diagnostic performance of combine testing.

Combine	Results	CRS (n = 216)		Sensitivity	Specificity	PPV	NPV	Kappa
Combine	Results	PTB	Non-TB	Sensitivity	Specificity	PPV	NPV	Kappa
LAM + Sputum smears	Positive	74	4	54.5%	95.1%	94.8%	55.6%	0.437
LAM + Sputum smears	Negative	61	77	54.5%	95.1%	94.8%	55.6%	0.437
LAM + Sputum culture	Positive	106	2	78.2%	97.5%	98.1%	72.9%	0.713
LAM + Sputum culture	Negative	29	79	78.2%	97.5%	98.1%	72.9%	0.713
LAM + GeneXpert	Positive	96	2	71.0%	97.5%	98.0%	66.9%	0.629
LAM + GeneXpert	Negative	39	79	71.0%	97.5%	98.0%	66.9%	0.629

Sensitivity = True Positive Cases/ (True Positive Cases + False Negative Cases) × 100%; Specificity = True Negative Cases/ (True Negative Cases + False Positive Cases) × 100%; PPV = True Positive Cases/ (True Positive Cases + False Positive Cases) × 100%; NPV = True Negative Cases/ (True Negative Cases + False Negative Cases) × 100%.

CRS = composite reference standard, LAM = lipoarabinomannan, Non-TB = non-tuberculosis, NPV = negative predictive value, PPV = positive predictive value, PTB = pulmonary tuberculosis.