Table 2.
Characteristics of the included studies.
| Study | Sample size | Mean age (yr) | Interventions | Treatment | Outcomes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (T/C) | T | C | T | C | (mo) | ||
| Chen and Wang (2010)[19] | 100 (50/50) | 6.86 ± 0.78 | 6.72 ± 0.83 | Zaoshu 3 formula | Leuprorelin | 6 | ①②③④⑤⑥ |
| Chou and Wu (2020)[29] | 104 (52/52) | 7.08 ± 0.42 | 7.19 ± 0.48 | Con + Zhibai dihuang decoction | Leuprorelin | 12 | ①③④⑥ |
| Huang et al (2022)[38] | 62 (31/31) | 6.85 ± 0.29 | 6.37 ± 0.28 | Con + Zhibai dihuang decoction | Leuprorelin | 3 | ①③④ |
| Shen YX (2018)[26] | 88 (44/44) | 7.64 ± 2.68 | 7.51 ± 2.64 | Con + Zhibai dihuang formula | Triptorelin | 6 | ①③④⑤⑥ |
| Wu et al (2023)[41] | 106 (53/53) | 8.18 ± 0.68 | 8.26 ± 0.57 | Con + Zhibai dihuang pill | Triptorelin | 6 | ①②③④⑤⑥ |
| Liu and Wu (2018)[25] | 60 (30/30) | 5.86 ± 1.64 | 5.23 ± 1.35 | Dabuyin pill + Zhibai dihuang pill | Triptorelin | 6 | ④⑥ |
| Wang and Feng (2020)[31] | 85 (43/42) | 8.4 ± 1.1 | 8.5 ± 1.2 | Con + Zhibai dihuang pill | Triptorelin | 6 | ④⑤ |
| Zhao et al (2021)[34] | 98 (49/49) | 7.15 ± 1.08 | 7.15 ± 1.29 | Con + Zhibai dihuang pill | Triptorelin | 6 | ①③④⑤ |
| Huai et al (2021)[32] | 100 (50/50) | 7.5 ± 1.4 | 7.2 ± 1.1 | Con + Zhibai dihuang decoction | Triptorelin | 6 | ①③④⑤⑥ |
| Shen J (2022)[39] | 142 (71/71) | 8.21 ± 1.19 | 8.19 ± 1.22 | Con + TCM | Leuprorelin | 6 | ①③④⑥ |
| Lu JW (2023)[40] | 85 (43/42) | 7.04 ± 1.24 | 6.84 ± 1.17 | Con + Ziyin xiehuo formula | Leuprorelin | 3 | ①③④⑥ |
| Gan DM (2016)[21] | 83 (45/38) | 8.11 ± 1.97 | 8.02 ± 2.01 | Con + Dabuyin pill | Triptorelin | 12 | ①③④⑤⑥ |
| Zhao et al (2021)[35] | 80 (40/40) | 6.41 ± 0.40 | 6.38 ± 0.36 | Con + Dabuyin pill | Triptorelin | 3 | ①③④⑥ |
| Liu and Jin (2020)[30] | 80 (40/40) | 8.12 ± 1.03 | 8.03 ± 1.12 | Con + Dabuyin pill + Zhibai dihuang pill | Triptorelin | 3 | ①③④ |
| Zhang (2016)[23] | 70 (35/35) | 6.78 ± 0.12 | 6.79 ± 0.11 | Con + Dabuyin pill | Triptorelin | 6 | ①③④⑤⑥ |
| Lin et al (2017)[24] | 156 (80/76) | 8.28 ± 2.93 | 8.34 ± 3.16 | Jinjia sanjie pill | GnRHa | 6 | ①④ |
| Xu HF (2015)[20] | 140 (70/70) | 7.32 ± 1.28 | 7.40 ± 1.31 | Con + Zaoshu formula | Triptorelin | 12 | ①③④ |
| Gong HT (2022)[37] | 81 (40/41) | 6.44 ± 1.29 | 6.51 ± 1.37 | Con + Zhibai jianghuo decoction | Leuprorelin | 4 | ①③④⑥ |
| Li YY (2021)[33] | 60 (30/30) | 6.31 ± 1.20 | 6.35 ± 1.22 | Zhibai jianghuo decoction | Triptorelin | 6 | ③④ |
| Ying and Wang (2019)[28] | 80 (40/40) | 7.01 ± 0.48 | 7.17 ± 0.69 | Zhibai jianghuo decoction | Triptorelin | 6 | ①③④⑤⑥ |
| Qi et al (2016)[22] | 72 (36/36) | 6.80 ± 0.32 | 7.10 ± 0.45 | Con + Dabuyin pill | Triptorelin | 18 | ①③④⑤⑥ |
| Jiang BC (2022)[36] | 40 (20/20) | 8.05 ± 0.56 | 8.37 ± 0.39 | Zhibai dihuang decoction | Leuprorelin | 3 | ①②③④⑥ |
| Chen YZ (2018)[27] | 64 (32/32) | 7.13 ± 0.78 | 7.24 ± 0.66 | Ziyin xiehuo formula | Leuprorelin | 6 | ①③④⑤⑥ |
C = control group, Con = control group, GnRHa = gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues, T = treatment group, TCM = traditional Chinese medicine; ① clinical efficacy rate; ② TCM syndrome scores; ③ secondary sexual characteristics; ④ serum sex hormone; ⑤ bone age index; ⑥ adverse events.