Table 1.
Current operational definitions of sarcopenia
| Low muscle strength | Low muscle mass | Poor physical performance | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revised EWGSOP | HGS: <27 kg (men) and <16 kg (women) | ALM: <20 kg (men) and <15 kg (women) | Gait speed: 0.8 m/sec (4‐m course) | |
| SPPB score: <8 points | ||||
| Chair stand time: >15 sec (5 rises) | ALM/Height2: <7.00 kg/m2 (men) <5.5 kg/m2 (women) | TUG: >20 sec | ||
| 400 m walk: ≥6 min or non-completion | ||||
| Revised AWGS | HGS: <28 kg (men) and <18 kg (women) | ALM/Height2: <7.0 kg/m2 (men) <5.4 kg/m2 (women) | Gait speed: <1 m/sec (6‐m course) | |
| SPPB score: ≤9 points | ||||
| Chair stand time: ≥12 sec (5 rises) | ||||
| SDOC | HGS: <35.5 kg (men) and <20 kg (women) | - | Gait speed: ≤0.8 m/sec | |
| HGS/BMI: <1.05 kg/body weight (kg)/height (m2) (men) and <0.79 kg/body weight (kg)/height (m2) (women) | ||||
| HGS/TBF: <1.66 kg/TBF (kg) (men) and <0.65 kg/TBF (kg) (women) | ||||
| HGS/arm lean mass: <6.08 kg/arm lean mass (kg) (men) and <3.26 kg/arm lean mass (kg) (women) | ||||
| HGS/body weight: <0.45 kg/body weight (kg) (men) and <0.34 kg/body weight (kg) (women) | ||||
EWGSOP, European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People; HGS, hand grip strength; ALM, appendicular lean mass; SPPB, short physical performance battery; TUG, timed up-and-go; AWGS, Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia; SDOC, Sarcopenia Definitions and Outcomes Consortium; BMI, body mass index; TBF, total body fat.