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. 2023 Aug 23;47(6):869–878. doi: 10.4093/dmj.2022.0275

Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of 3,471,745 participants with and without shoulder adhesive capsulitis

Variable No adhesive capsulitis (n=3,178,557) Adhesive capsulitis (n=293,188) P value
Age, yr 44.29±13.48 53.17±10.89 <0.0001
Sex <0.0001
 Male 1,859,928 (58.51) 131,540 (44.87)
 Female 1,318,629 (41.49) 161,648 (55.13)
Smoking <0.0001
 Non-smoker 1,794,567 (56.46) 196,072 (66.88)
 Former 462,988 (14.57) 42,341 (14.44)
 Current 921,002 (28.98) 54,775 (18.68)
Alcohol drinking <0.0001
 Non-drinker 1,510,446 (47.52) 177,011 (60.37)
 Moderate 1,397,643 (43.97) 97,033 (33.1)
 Heavy 270,468 (8.51) 19,144 (6.53)
Regular exercise 563,692 (17.73) 56,966 (19.43) <0.0001
Body mass index, kg/m2 23.61±3.54 23.99±3.05 <0.0001
Waist circumference, cm 563,692 (17.73) 56,966 (19.43) <0.0001
Diabetes mellitus 202,102 (6.36) 35,539 (12.12) <0.0001
Fasting glucose, mg/dL 95.71±21.5 100.3±26.49 <0.0001
Hypertension 728,296 (22.91) 100,025 (34.12) <0.0001
Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg 121.83±14.81 123.31±15.36 <0.0001
Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg 76.14±10.04 76.6±10.1 <0.0001
Dyslipidemia 495,888 (15.6) 69,033 (23.55) <0.0001
Total cholesterol, mg/dL 194.05±40.97 199.23±42.27 <0.0001
HDL-C, mg/dL 56.54±32.34 56.48±35.33 0.4119
LDL-C, mg/dL 112.4±38.35 117.23±39.77 <0.0001
Triglycerides, mg/dL 111.09 (111.02–111.16) 115.75 (115.51–115.98) <0.0001
Chronic kidney disease 194,911 (6.13) 21,640 (7.38) <0.0001

Values are presented as mean±standard deviation, number (%), or median (range).

HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.