Fig. 1.

Map showing shell collection site (yellow star) and ocean currents surrounding Iceland (ICC = Iceland Coastal Current). Gridded sea surface temperatures used for analysis were extracted from the region encompassing Faxaflói (open square; 64–65°N, 22–24°W). Yellow triangles mark additional Arctica islandica-based records from Butler et al. (2013) and Reynolds et al. (2016) on the North Icelandic shelf, and Lohmann and Schöne (2013) off northeast Iceland. Nearby station-based sea surface temperature records are (1) Reykjavík, (2) Grindavík, and (3) Stórhöfði/Vestmannaejar. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)