Table 1.
Patient characteristics at baseline by H-SBP category
| Characteristic | Overall n = 4933 | <125 mmHg n = 2030 | ≥125–<135 mmHg n = 1585 | ≥135–<145 mmHg n = 878 | ≥145 mmHg n = 440 | p valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 81.4 ± 4.8 | 81.1 ± 4.9 | 81.3 ± 4.6 | 81.7 ± 4.9 | 82.2 ± 4.9 | <0.001 |
| Male | 2770 (56.2) | 1103 (54.3) | 904 (57.0) | 504 (57.4) | 259 (58.9) | 0.165 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 23.4 ± 3.6 | 23.1 ± 3.6 | 23.4 ± 3.6 | 23.9 ± 3.6 | 23.8 ± 3.5 | <0.001 |
| Anticoagulants | 4590 (93.0) | 1891 (93.2) | 1467 (92.6) | 829 (94.4) | 403 (91.6) | 0.201 |
| Warfarin | 1092 (22.1) | 455 (22.4) | 336 (21.2) | 185 (21.1) | 116 (26.4) | 0.064 |
| DOAC | 3494 (70.8) | 1434 (70.6) | 1131 (71.4) | 643 (73.2) | 286 (65.0) | 0.053 |
| Dabigatran | 357 (7.2) | 156 (7.7) | 109 (6.9) | 64 (7.3) | 28 (6.4) | 0.747 |
| Rivaroxaban | 1184 (24.0) | 464 (22.9) | 397 (25.0) | 226 (25.7) | 97 (22.0) | 0.226 |
| Apixaban | 1184 (24.0) | 509 (25.1) | 385 (24.3) | 194 (22.1) | 96 (21.8) | 0.195 |
| Edoxaban | 769 (15.6) | 305 (15.0) | 240 (15.1) | 159 (18.1) | 65 (14.8) | 0.231 |
| Antihypertensives | 3658 (77.1) | 1431 (73.2) | 1186 (78.0) | 685 (81.1) | 356 (84.0) | <0.001 |
| Antiplatelet drugs | 827 (17.4) | 336 (17.2) | 265 (17.4) | 142 (16.8) | 84 (19.8) | 0.575 |
| CHA2DS2-VASc score | 4.4 ± 1.3 | 4.4 ± 1.4 | 4.4 ± 1.3 | 4.4 ± 1.3 | 4.6 ± 1.3 | 0.014 |
| HAS-BLED score | 1.8 ± 0.8 | 1.8 ± 0.8 | 1.8 ± 0.8 | 1.9 ± 0.9 | 1.9 ± 0.9 | 0.002 |
| Creatinine clearance, mL/min | 49.1 ± 17.1 | 47.9 ± 17.1 | 50.6 ± 16.7 | 50.3 ± 17.8 | 47.7 ± 17.0 | <0.001 |
| <50 mL/min | 2180 (44.2) | 944 (46.5) | 658 (41.5) | 366 (41.7) | 212 (48.2) | <0.001 |
| Atrial fibrillation type | ||||||
| Paroxysmal | 2052 (41.6) | 783 (38.6) | 697 (44.0) | 382 (43.5) | 190 (43.2) | <0.001 |
| Non-paroxysmal | 2881 (58.4) | 1247 (61.4) | 888 (56.0) | 496 (56.5) | 250 (56.8) | |
| Comorbidities | 4800 (97.3) | 1975 (97.3) | 1540 (97.2) | 853 (97.2) | 432 (98.2) | 0.684 |
| History of major bleeding | 163 (3.3) | 68 (3.3) | 53 (3.3) | 31 (3.5) | 11 (2.5) | 0.789 |
| Cerebrovascular diseases | 1112 (22.5) | 449 (22.1) | 342 (21.6) | 213 (24.3) | 108 (24.5) | 0.315 |
| Dyslipidemia | 2132 (43.2) | 869 (42.8) | 713 (45.0) | 370 (42.1) | 180 (40.9) | 0.318 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 1278 (25.9) | 469 (23.1) | 423 (26.7) | 251 (28.6) | 135 (30.7) | <0.001 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 926 (18.8) | 415 (20.4) | 265 (16.7) | 170 (19.4) | 76 (17.3) | 0.030 |
| Cardiac diseases | 2725 (55.2) | 1212 (59.7) | 805 (50.8) | 452 (51.5) | 256 (58.2) | <0.001 |
Data are n (%) or mean ± standard deviation
DOAC direct oral anticoagulant, H-SBP home systolic blood pressure
aComparison among four blood pressure groups