Table 3.

Localization performances of computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems and annotators

Annotations	Detection-based CAD system			Segmentation-based CAD system
	Prediction-ground truth TP-Dice	Inter-annotator TP-Dice	p-value	Prediction-ground truth TP-Dice	Inter-annotator TP-Dice	p-value
Pneumothorax	0.758 (0.707–0.806)	0.717 (0.665–0.766)	< 0.001	0.681 (0.642–0.721)	0.669 (0.653–0.654)	< 0.001
Large pneumothorax	0.883 (0.840–0.921)	0.767 (0.690–0.836)	< 0.001	0.769 (0.715–0.823)	0.756 (0.739–0.741)	< 0.001
Medium pneumothorax	0.708 (0.625–0.798)	0.677 (0.574–0.771)	< 0.001	0.693 (0.628–0.757)	0.639 (0.651–0.653)	< 0.001
Small pneumothorax	0.574 (0.446–0.701)	0.686 (0.596–0.771)	> 0.99	0.558 (0.489–0.627)	0.616 (0.589–0.591)	> 0.99

Data expressed as point estimates (95% confidence intervals)

Prediction-ground truth TP-Dice, coefficient indicating agreement between predicted and ground-truth results; inter-annotator TP-Dice, coefficient indicating agreement between two annotators