Table 2.

Testing the mediation effects of nature connectedness with direct nature contact as the predictor.

Predictors	Model 1a (Cognitive reappraisal)		Model 1b (Expressive suppression)		Model 2 (Nature connectedness)		Model 3a (Cognitive reappraisal)		Model 3b (Expressive suppression)
	β	t	β	t	β	t	β	t	β	t
Gender (ref. female)	0.010	0.288	0.213	3.476**	− 0.088	− 4.807***	0.076	2.411*	0.180	2.934**
Age	0.000	− 0.067	− 0.040	− 3.651***	− 0.002	− 0.613	0.001	0.196	− 0.041	− 3.743***
Education level (ref. undergraduate students)
High school degree or below	0.219	1.629	0.392	1.625	− 0.086	− 1.201	0.284	2.305*	0.359	1.498
Undergraduate or college degree	0.064	1.018	0.083	0.733	0.003	0.076	0.062	1.078	0.083	0.746
Master’s degree or above	0.013	0.178	− 0.209	− 1.637	− 0.039	− 1.028	0.042	0.646	− 0.224	− 1.764
Direct contact	0.102	6.555***	− 0.034	− 1.227	0.042	5.097***	0.070	4.890***	− 0.018	− 0.650
Nature connectedness							0.752	20.066***	− 0.380	− 5.207***
R2	0.026		0.023		0.023		0.183		0.036
F	9.216***		8.320***		8.286***		66.938***		11.093***

***p < .001, **p < .01, *p < .05; Models 1a, 2, and 3a show the mediating effect of nature connectedness between direct contact and cognitive reappraisal; Models 1b, 2, and 3b show the mediating effect of nature connectedness between direct contact and expressive suppression.