Table 1.
The traditional and clinical uses of Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit. in China.
| Preparation name | Main compositions | Formulation | Traditional and clinical uses | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Xiaoqinglong soup | Ephedra sinica Stapf 9 g, Paeonia lactiflora Pall. 9 g, Asarum sieboldii Miq 6 g, Zingiber officinale Rosc. 6 g, Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch processing with honey 6 g, Cinnamomum cassia Presl 9 g, Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Bail. 6 g, Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit. 9 g | Decoction | Dispersing cold from the exterior of the body, warming the lung to dissolve drinks. | Treatise On Febrile Disease⟪伤寒论⟫ |
| Shegan Mahuang soup | Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC. 9 g, Ephedra sinica 9 g, Zingiber officinale 6 g, Asarum sieboldii 6 g, Aster tataricus L. f. 6 g, Ziziphus jujuba Mil. 3 piece, Pinellia ternata 9 g, Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) 3 g | Decoction | Expelling phlegm from the lung, relieving cough by lowering the Qi. | Jin Kui Yao Lue⟪金匮要略⟫ |
| Jinfeicao powder | Inula japonica Thunb. 90 g, Ephedra sinica 90 g, Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn 90 g, Schizonepeta tenuisfolia Briq. 120 g, Glycyrrhiza uralensis process with honey 30 g, Pinellia ternata 30 g, Paeonia ladiflora Pall. 30 g | Powder | Dispersing wind and cold, lowering Qi and resolving phlegm | Bo Ji Fang⟪博济方⟫ |
| Dachaihu soup | Bupleurum chinense DC. 15 g, Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi 9 g, Paeonia lactiflora. 9 g, Pinellia ternata 9 g, Zingiber officinale 15 g, Citrus aurantium 9 g, Ziziphus jujuba 4 piece, Rheum palmatum L. 6 g | Decoction | Harmonizing Shao Yang, Internal diarrhea of hot knots | Jin Kui Yao Lue⟪金匮要略⟫ |
| Shensu decoction | Panax ginseng C. A. Mey. 6 g, Perilla frutescens (L.) Brit. 6 g, Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi 6 g, Pinellia ternata 6 g, Peucedanum praeruptorum 6 g, Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf 6 g, Citrus aurantium L. 4 g, Platycodon grandiflorum (Jacq.) A. DC. 4 g, Aucklandia lappa Decne. 4 g, Citrus reticulata Blanco 4 g, Glycyrrhiza uralensis processing with honey 4 g | Decoction | Benefiting Qi and relieving symptoms, regulating Qi and resolving phlegm | Taiping Huimin Heji Ju Fang⟪太平惠民和剂局方⟫ |
| Xiaochaihu soup | Bupleurum chinense 12 g, Scutellaria baicalensis 9 g, Panax ginseng 6 g, Pinellia ternata 9 g, Glycyrrhiza uralensis 5 g, Zingiber officinale 9 g, Ziziphus jujuba 4 piece | Decoction | Harmonizing Shaoyang, harmonizing the stomach and lowering rebelliousness | Treatise On Febrile Disease⟪伤寒论⟫ |
| Zhuye Shigao soup | Lophatherum gracile Brongn 6 g, Gypsum Fibrosum 50 g, Pinellia ternata 9 g, Ophiopogon japonicus (L.f) Ker-Gawl. 20 g, Panax ginseng 6 g, Oryzae semen 10 g, Glycyrrhiza uralensis 6 g | Decoction | Clearing heat and promoting the production of body fluid, benefiting Qi and harmonizing the stomach | Treatise On Febrile Disease⟪伤寒论⟫ |
| Xiangsha Liujunzi soup | Panax ginseng 3 g, Atractylodes macrocephala 6 g, Glycyrrhiza uralensis 2 g, Citrus reticulata 2.5 g, Pinellia ternata 3 g, Amomum kravanh Pierre ex Gagnep. 2.5 g, Aucklandia lappa 2 g | Decoction | Benefiting Qi and strengthening the spleen, moving Qi and resolving phlegm | Gu Jin Ming Yi Fang Lun⟪古今名医方论⟫ |
| Huiyang Jiuji soup | Aconitum carmichaelii Debx. processing with digestion 9 g, Zingiber officinale 6 g, Panax ginseng 6 g, Glycyrrhiza uralensis 6 g, Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. processing with bran fried 9 g, Cinnamomum cassia 3 g, Citrus reticulata 6 g, Schisandra chinensis 3 g, Poria cocos 9 g, Pinellia ternata 9 g | Decoction | Returning Yang to consolidate detachment, benefiting Qi and generating pulse | Shang Han Liu Shu⟪伤寒六书⟫ |
| Sixjunzi soup | Panax ginseng 9 g, Atractylodes macrocephala 9 g, Poria cocos 9 g, Glycyrrhiza uralensis 6 g, Citrus reticulata 3 g, Pinellia ternata 4.5 g | Decoction | Benefiting Qi and strengthening the spleen, drying dampness and resolving phlegm | Yi Xue Zheng Chuan⟪医学正传⟫ |
| Binglang powder | Areca catechu 30 g, Pinellia ternata 30 g, Prunus armeniaca 30 g, Platycodon grandiflorum 30 g, Citrus reticulata 30 g, Inula Japonica 30 g, Zingiber officinale 30 g, Atractylodes macrocephala 30 g, Panax ginseng 15 g, Glycyrrhiza uralensis 15 g | Powder | Phlegm and phlegm in the chest and diaphragm, and a deficient sound in the abdomen | Chong Ding Yan Shi Ji Sheng Fang⟪重订严氏济生方⟫ |
| Buqi Huatan soup | Astragalus membranaceus 45 g, Platycodon grandiflorum 9 g, Adenophora Stricta Miq 24 g, Prunus armeniaca 9 g, Aster tataricus 9 g, Poria cocos 10 g, Lilium brownii var. viridulum Baker 12 g, Pinellia ternata 12 g, Glycyrrhiza uralensis 9 g | Decoction | Tonifying Qi and calming asthma, relieving cough and resolving phlegm | Li Shao Nan Fang ⟪李绍南方⟫ |
| Shengyang Yiwei soup | Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. 30 g, Pinellia ternata 5 g, Panax ginseng 15 g, Glycyrrhiza uralensis 15 g, Angelica pubescens Maxim. f. biserrata Shan et Yuan 9 g, Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk. 9 g, Paeonia lactiflora. 9 g, Notopterygium incisum Ting ex H. T. Chang 9 g, Citrus reticulata 6 g, Poria cocos 5 g, Bupleurum chinense 5 g, Alisma orientate (Sam.) Juzep. 5 g, Atractylodes macrocephala 5 g, Coptis chinensis Franch. 1.5 g | Decoction | Benefiting Qi and raising Yang, clearing heat and removing dampness | Nei Wai Shang Bian Huo Lun⟪内外伤辨惑论⟫ |
| Anzhong Tiaoqi pill | Citrus reticulata 60 g, Pinellia ternata 30 g, Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf. 30 g, Atractylodes macrocephala 60 g, Citrus aurantium 30 g, Perilla frutescens 18 g, Ligusticum chuanxiong 15 g, Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels 15 g, Paeonia lactiflora 24 g, Aucklandia lappa 3 g, Glycyrrhiza uralensis 9 g, Cyperus rotundus L. 90 g, Massa Medicata Fermentata 30 g, Coptis chinensis 30 g, Amomum kravanh 15 g, Raphanus sativus L. 15 g | Pills | Turning the stomach and phlegm diaphragm | Gu Jin Yi Jian⟪古今医鉴⟫ |
| Banfu soup | Aconitum carmichaelii 7.5 g, Pinellia ternata 7.5 g, Zingiber officinale 10 piece | Decoction | Warming the stomach and resolving phlegm | Yi Xue Ru Men⟪医学入门⟫ |
| Babao Huichun soup | Aconitum carmichaelii 30 g, Panax ginseng 30 g, Ephedra sinica 30 g, Scutellaria baicalensis 30 g, Stephania tetrandra S. Moore 30 g, Cyperus rotundus 30 g, Prunus armeniaca L. var. ansu Maxim. 30 g, Ligusticum chuanxiong 30 g, Angelica sinensis 30 g, Poria cocos 45 g, Citrus reticulata 30 g, Saposhnikovia divaricata 30 g, Paeonia lactiflora 150 g, Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilg 15 g, Pinellia ternata 45 g, Aconitum carmichaelii 15 g, Cinnamomum cassia 30 g, Atractylodes macrocephala 60 g, Lindera aggregate (Sims) Kosterm. 15 g, Zingiber officinale 30 g, Astragalus membranaceus 90 g, Glycyrrhiza uralensis 30 g, Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch. processing with wine 30 g, Rehmannia glutinosa 30 g | Decoction | Expelling wind, harmonizing Qi, invigorating blood | Zhu Shi Ji Yan Fang⟪朱氏集验方⟫ |
| Basheng yinzi | Aconitum carmichaelii 60 g, Arisaema erubescens (Wall.) Schott 30 g, Typhonium giganteum 30 g, Gastrodia elata 30 g, Atractylodes macrocephala 30 g, Ligusticum chuanxiong 15 g, Aucklandia lappa 15 g, Buthus martensii Karsch 15 g, Pinellia ternata 15 g | Decoction | Yang Qi does not converge, wind and evil invade outside | Zhu Shi Ji Yan Fang⟪朱氏集验方⟫ |
| Bajunzi soup | Panax ginseng 3 g, Poria cocos 3 g, Atractylodes macrocephala 3 g, Glycyrrhiza uralensis 1.5 g, Pinellia ternata 3 g, Citrus reticulata 2.4 g, Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC. 2.4 g, Angelica sinensis 7.5 g | Decoction | Dampness and phlegm in the spleen and stomach | Chen Nang An Fu Ke Bu Xie⟪陈囊庵妇科补解⟫ |
| Bafeng nord | Talcum 30 g, Gastrodia elata Bl. 30 g, Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Presl 0.3 g, Moschus berezovskii Flerov 0.3 g, Bombyx mori Linnaeus 15 g, Typhonium giganteum Engl. 9 g, Pinellia ternata 60 g, Calcitum 250 g | Pills | Phlegm-heat attack | Taiping Huimin Heji Ju Fang⟪太平惠民和剂局方⟫ |
| Bawu soup | Rehmannia glutinosa processing with wine 6 g, Ligusticum chuanxiong 6 g, Paeonia lactiflora 6 g, Angelica sinensis 6 g, Panax ginseng 4.5 g, Atractylodes macrocephala 9 g, Citrus reticulata 3 g, Pinellia ternata 6 g | Decoction | Enrich the Qi and the blood | Nu Ke Qie Yao⟪女科切要⟫ |
| Bailuo pill | Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC. 60 g, Gardenia jasminoides Ellis 60 g, Cyperus rotundus 60 g, Arisaema erubescens 60 g, Citrus aurantium 15 g, Citrus reticulata 15 g, Aucklandia lappa 15 g, Pinellia ternata 15 g, Amomum kravanh 15 g | Pills | Accumulation of phlegm and beverages, pain in the stomach and epigastric region | Dan Xi Xin Fa⟪丹溪心法⟫ |
| Banxia soup | Pinellia ternata 10 g, Setaria italica (L.) Beauv. 15 g | Decoction | Relieving phlegm and harmonizing the stomach | Ling Shu⟪灵枢⟫ |
| Baiziren soup | Platycladus orientalist (L.) Franco 15 g, Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf. 15 g, Atractylodes macrocephala 10 g, Pinellia ternata 6 g, Schisandra chinensis 10 g, Ostrea gigas Thunberg 20 g, Ephedra sinica 10 g, Triticum aestivum L 15 g, Ziziphus jujuba Mill. 5 piece | Decoction | Calming the mind and tranquilizing the soul, nourishing Yin and astringing sweat | Zhou Mi Dao Fang⟪周明道方⟫ |
| Baiziren pill | Platycladus orientalist 60 g, Rhizoma Pinelliae Fermentata 60 g, Ostrea gigas 30 g, Panax ginseng 30 g, Atractylodes macrocephala 30 g, Ephedra sinica 30 g, Schisandra chinensis 30 g, Triticum sativum 15 g | Pills | Deficiency of heart yang, heart twitching and night sweating | Yi Zong Bi Du⟪医宗必读⟫ |
| Banxia Baizhu Tianma soup | Pinellia ternata 4.5 g, Atractylodes macrocephala 6 g, Gastrodia elata 4.5 g | Decoction | Strengthening the spleen and resolving phlegm, calming the liver and calming the wind | Gu Jin Yi Jian⟪古今医鉴⟫ |
| Baiqian soup | Cynanchum glaucescens (Decne.) Hand.-Mazz. 6 g, Aster tataricus 9 g, Pinellia ternata 9 g, Cirsium japonicum Fisch. ex DC. 3 g | Decoction | Treatment of cough and upper air, body swelling | Wai Tai Mi Yao⟪外台秘要⟫ |
| Bangua pill | Pinellia ternata 150 g, Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. 150 g, Platycodon grandiflorum 60 g, Citrus aurantium 45 g, Dioscorea opposita Thunb. 30 g | Pills | Relieve phlegm and cough | Yi Xue Ru Men⟪医学入门⟫ |
| Banjie soup | Paeonia lactiflora 30 g, Bupleurum chinense 6 g, Angelica sinensis 9 g, Ligusticum chuanxiong 15 g, Glycyrrhiza uralensis 3 g, Vitex trifolia L. 3 g, Pinellia ternata 3 g | Decoction | Clearing the liver and relieving depression, invigorating the blood and dispelling wind | Bian Zheng Lu⟪辨证录⟫ |
| Banbei pill | Pinellia ternata 9 g, Fritillaria cirrhosa D. Don 9 g | Pills | Truncated malaria | Chong Ding Tong Shu Treatise on Febrile Disease⟪重订通俗伤寒论⟫ |
| Banxia Buxin soup | Pinellia ternata 12 g, Zingiber officinale 10 g, Poria cocos 6 g, Cinnamomum cassia 6 g, Citrus aurantium 6 g, Citrus reticulata 6 g, Atractylodes macrocephala 8 g, Saposhnikovia divaricata 4 g, Polygala tenuifolia Willd. 4 g | Decoction | Warming the stomach and invigorating the spleen, regulating Qi and resolving drinks | Bei Ji Qian Jin Yao Fang⟪备急千金要方） |
| Banxia Lige pill | Atractylodes macrocephala 30 g, Panax ginseng 30 g, Poria cocos 30 g, Alumen 30 g, Talcum 30 g, Fritillaria cirrhosa 30 g, Arisaema erubescens 45 g, Typhonium giganteum 60 g, Pinellia ternata 90 g | Pills | Expelling wind and resolving phlegm, benefiting Qi and strengthening the spleen | Yu Yao Yuan Fang ⟪御药院方⟫ |
| Banxia Renshen wine | Pinellia ternata 30 g, Scutellaria baicalensis 3 0 g, Zingiber officinale 20 g, Panax ginseng 20 g, Glycyrrhiza uralensis processing with honey 20 g, Coptis chinensis 6 g, Ziziphus jujuba 10 g, Liquor 700 mL | Decoction | Harmonizing the stomach and subduing rebelliousness, opening up knots and dispersing lumps | Shang Han Lun⟪伤寒论⟫ |
| Banxia powder | Pinellia ternata 60 g, Euodia rutaecarpa (Juss.) Benth. 15 g, Cinnamomum cassia 30 g, Panax ginseng 30 g, Atractylodes macrocephala 30 g, Angelica sinensis 30 g, Magnolia officinalis 45 g, Citrus aurantium 15 g | Powder | warming in the middle and lowering the rebellion | Tai Ping Sheng Hui Fang⟪太平圣惠方⟫ |
| Banxia Shengjiang soup | Zingiber officinale 15 g, Pinellia ternata 10 g | Decoction | Warming the stomach and lowering rebellion | Lei Zheng Huo Ren Shu⟪类证活人书⟫ |
| Banxia xingren soup | Pinellia ternata 3 g, Prunus armeniaca 2.4 g, Citrus aurantium 1.5 g, Platycodon grandiflorum 1.5 g, Scutellaria baicalensis 1.5 g, Perilla frutescens 1.5 g, Ephedra sinica 1.8 g, Glycyrrhiza uralensis 12 g | Decoction | Mainly for wind and phlegm asthma | Xing Yuan Sheng Chun⟪杏苑生春⟫ |
| Banxia yunfang | Pinellia ternata 90 g, Zingiber officinale 90 g, Asarum sieboldii 90 g, Cinnamomum cassia 20 g, Aconitum carmichaelii 10 piece | Decoction | Mainly for pediatric craniosynostosis | Bei Ji Qian Jin Yao Fang⟪备急千金要方⟫ |
| Banxia yinzi | Pinellia ternata 12 g, Magnolia officinalis 9 g, Panax ginseng 9 g, Atractylodes macrocephala 9 g, Zingiber officinale 9 g, Ziziphus jujuba 9 g, Semen Oryzae Sativae 10 g, Citrus reticulata 6 g | Decoction | Benefiting Qi and tonifying the middle Jiao, lowering rebellion and stopping vomiting | Wai Tai Mi Yao⟪外台秘要⟫ |
| Banxia pill | Alumen 450 g, Pinellia ternata 1500 g | Pills | Relieve phlegm and cough | Taiping Huimin Heji Ju Fang⟪太平惠民和剂局方⟫ |
| Buqi Zhenjing soup | Astragalus membranaceus 24 g, Platycladus orientalist 12 g, Ligusticum chuanxiong 6 g, Polygala tenuifolia 10 g, Acorus tatarinowii 10 g, Poria cocos 10 g, Angelica sinensis 10 g, Paeonia lactiflora 10 g, Ziziphus jujuba Mill 10 g, Pinellia ternata 10 g, Arisaema Cum Bile 6 g, Asarum sieboldii 3 g, Glycyrrhiza uralensis 4.5 g | Decoction | Tonifying Qi and expelling blood stasis, relieving spasm and resolving phlegm | Lu Ji Ping Fang ⟪路际平方⟫ |
| Bengtun soup | Glycyrrhiza uralensis 6 g, Angelica sinensis 6 g, Pinellia ternata 12 g, Scutellaria baicalensis 6 g, Pueraria lobata 15 g, Paeonia Lactiflora 6 g, Zingiber officinale 12 g, Euonymus tengyuehensis W. W. Smith 12 g | Decoction | Treatment of Penetrating Dolphin Qi up to the chest and abdominal pain | Jin Kui Yao Lue⟪金匮要略⟫ |
| Bishengyin | Pinellia ternata 6 g, Citrus aurantium 6 g, Gypsum Fibrosum 9 g, Prunus sibirica L. 3 g, Tea 3 g, Ephedra sinica 3 g, Trichosanthes kirilowii 3 g, Glycyrrhiza uralensis 3 g, Zingiber officinale 5 piece | Decoction | Promoting the lowering of the lung and Qi, clearing heat and resolving phlegm | Dan Tai Yu An⟪丹台玉案⟫ |
| Canglian soup | Atractylodes lancea 3 g, Coptis chinensis 3 g, Citrus reticulata 3 g, Pinellia ternata 3 g, Poria cocos 3 g, Massa Medicata Fermentata 3 g, Euodia rutaecarpa 1.5 g, Amomum kravanh 1.5 g, Glycyrrhiza uralensis 0.9 g | Decoction | Drying dampness and resolving phlegm, clearing the stomach and harmonizing the middle | Wan Bing Hui Chun⟪万病回春⟫ |
| Biantong Shiwei Wendan decotion | Citrus reticulata 9 g, Poria cocos 12 g, Pinellia ternata 12 g, Glycyrrhiza uralensis 3 g, Citrus aurantium 6 g, Rehmannia glutinosa 15 g, Ziziphus jujuba 15 g, Polygala tenuifolia 6 g, Acorus tatarinowii Schott 6 g, Succus Bambusae 3 spoons | Decoction | Palpitations and insomnia, mental dementia | Zhong Yi Zhi Fa Yu Fang Ji⟪中医治法与方剂⟫ |
| Canheyin | Terminalia chebula Retz 7.5 g, Atractylodes macrocephala 7.5 g, Astragalus Membranaceus 7.5 g, Poria cocos 7.5 g, Panax ginseng 7.5 g, Rhizoma Pinelliae Fermentata 7.5 g, Citrus reticulata 6 g, Schisandra chinensis 6 g, Glycyrrhiza uralensis 3 g, Aster tataricus 3 g | Decoction | Treatment of cold and phlegm cough | Wei Shi Jia Cang Fang ⟪魏氏家藏方⟫ |
| Biejiajian pill | Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann 90 g, Scutellaria baicalensis 22.5 g, Bupleurum chinense 45 g, Zingiber officinale 22.5 g, Rheum palmatum 22.5 g, Paeonia Lactiflora 37.5 g, Cinnamomum cassia 22.5 g, Lepidium apetalum Willd 7.5 g, Pyrrosia sheareri (Bak.) Ching 22.5 g, Magnolia officinalis 22.5 g, Paeonia Suffruticosa Andr. 37.5 g, Dianthus superbus L. 15 g, Pinellia ternata 7.5 g, Equus asinus Linnaeus 37.5 g, Copris reflexus 45 g, Prunus persica (L.) Batsch 15 g | Pills | Promoting circulation of Qi, resolving blood stasis, softening hardness and dispersing knots | Jin Kui Yao Lue⟪金匮要略⟫ |
| Banqin soup | Pinellia ternata 15 g, Poria cocos 15 g, Coptis chinensis 3 g, Magnolia officinalis Rehd. et Wils. 9 g, Tetrapanax papyrifer (Hook.) K. Koch 24 g | Decoction | Dry dampness and promote water | Wen Bing Tiao Bian⟪温病条辨⟫ |
| Bixaosan | Cortex Hibisci 120 g, Mylabris phalerata Pallas 3 g, Pinellia ternata 15 g, Momordica cochinchinensis (Lour.) Spreng 15 g, Areca catechu L.15 g, Realgar 9 g, Arsenic 3 g | Powder | Treatment of rheumatic scabies and long-standing ringworm | Gu Jin Yi Jian⟪古今医鉴⟫ |