Table 2. Examples of learning environments and corresponding time-based learning effort and outcome performance variables needed to graph a learning curve.

Learning context	Time-based measurements: learning effort (X-axis)	Performance or achievement (Y-axis)
Surgical knot tying task practice ( Thiyagarajan & Ravindrakumar, 2016)	Knot tying sessions	Number of knots tied, time to tie, frustration score, difficulty score
Surgical Simulation	Training Episodes	Time, economy of movement, wall collisions
Complete surgeries ( Hernandez et al., 2004)	Cases	Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills (OSATS)
Core competency acquisition in medical school ( Thompson & Rogers, 2008)	Bi-yearly assessments	Self-assessment scores
New technology use, e.g. GlideScope use in the Emergency Department ( Ahn et al., 2016)	Sessions of GlideScope use for laryngoscopy	Critical components checklist score
X-ray interpretation ( Pusic et al., 2011)	Individual x-rays read	Accuracy of x-ray reads as normal or abnormal compared to a gold standard
Cognitive clinical skill development: treatment of hyperacute stroke thrombolysis with alteplase ( Chong, 2016)	Code stroke cases seen	Door to needle time, CT (Computed Tomography Scan) to needle time, post-thrombolysis bleeds