Table 2.
Characteristics of normoalbuminuric and moderately increased albuminuria groups
| Normoalbuminuria | Moderately increased albuminuria | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 1,456(87.7%) | N = 204(12.3%) | P Value | ||||
| Age (year) | 65.7(7.9) | 67.8(6.0) | 0.001 | |||
| Sex(male)(%) | 42.9 | 49.5 | 0.073 | |||
| BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2(%) | 23.8 | 41.2 | < 0.001 | |||
| Currently smoking (%) | 10.2 | 12.3 | 0.377 | |||
| Moderate drinking (%) | 84.5 | 83.3 | 0.655 | |||
| Habitual exercise (%) | 46.7 | 44.1 | 0.488 | |||
| Diabetes (%) | 10.7 | 24.5 | < 0.001 | |||
| Hypertension (%) | 43.8 | 66.7 | < 0.001 | |||
| Dyslipidemia(%) | 57.5 | 61.3 | 0.305 | |||
| AST ≥ 31U/L(%) | 11.3 | 19.1 | 0.002 | |||
| ALT ≥ 31U/L(%) | 11.1 | 20.6 | 0.001 | |||
| GGT ≥ 51U/L(%) | 11.4 | 17.2 | 0.018 | |||
| Mild liver disorder (%) | 21.4 | 34.3 | < 0.001 |
Data are presented as means ± standard deviation or percentages
For calculation of the P values, Student’s t-test and chi-squared test were used
Mild liver disorder: Participants who had one or more values (AST ≥ 31U/L or ALT ≥ 31U/L or GGT ≥ 51U/L) were categorized as having mild liver disorder
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index, AST, aspartate transaminase; ALT, alanine transaminase; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase