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. 2023 Dec 5;9:142. doi: 10.1186/s40795-023-00802-0

Table 1.

Summary characteristics of the study population

Demographic Characteristic Total Male Female
n Mean ± SE n Mean ± SE n Mean ± SE
Age (y) 3068 69.5 ± 0.2 1509 69.2 ± 0.3 1559 69.7 ± 0.2
Race/ethnicity (%) 3068 1509 1559
 Mexican American 273 3.8 ± 0.9 146 4.2 ± 1.0 127 3.5 ± 0.9
 Other Hispanic 301 3.9 ± 0.7 138 3.5 ± 0.6 163 4.3 ± 0.9
 Non-Hispanic white 1463 77.3 ± 2.0 699 78.1 ± 2.0 764 76.6 ± 2.0
 Non-Hispanic black 740 9.1 ± 1.3 380 8.4 ± 1.2 360 9.6 ± 1.4
 Other race (including multiracial) 291 5.9 ± 0.7 146 5.8 ± 0.7 145 6.0 ± 0.9
Household income (%) 2822 1388 1434
  ≤ 1.35 of PIR 939 20.6 ± 1.5 428 17.2 ± 1.3 511 23.4 ± 1.9
  > 1.35 to < 1.85 of PIR 328 10.2 ± 1.0 157 8.0 ± 1.1 171 12.0 ± 1.1
  ≥ 1.85 of PIR 1555 69.3 ± 2.0 803 74.8 ± 1.7 752 64.5 ± 2.5
Education (%) 3064 1506 1558
  < High school 859 18.1 ± 1.5 429 17.8 ± 1.7 430 18.4 ± 1.8
 High school 708 22.3 ± 1.3 340 20.2 ± 1.8 368 24.1 ± 1.6
  > High school 1497 59.6 ± 1.7 737 61.9 ± 1.8 760 57.6 ± 2.0
Marital status (%) 3065 1508 1557
 Never been married 266 7.0 ± 0.7 141 8.3 ± 1.0 125 5.9 ± 0.6
 Divorced/Widowed 1139 31.3 ± 0.9 371 17.8 ± 1.2 768 42.6 ± 1.3
 Currently married 1660 61.8 ± 1.3 996 73.9 ± 1.6 664 51.5 ± 1.5
BMI (%) 3016 1481 1535
 Underweight 47 1.4 ± 0.3 19 1.2 ± 0.4 28 1.6 ± 0.4
 Normal 777 25.5 ± 1.2 378 22.7 ± 1.5 399 27.9 ± 1.6
 Overweight 1055 35.8 ± 1.2 602 40.9 ± 2.1 453 31.5 ± 1.3
 Obese 1137 37.3 ± 1.4 482 35.2 ± 2.1 655 39.1 ± 1.8
Smoking status (%) 3065 1508 1557
 Current smoker 383 10.8 ± 0.6 230 12.6 ± 0.9 153 9.2 ± 0.9
 Past smoker 1159 39.3 ± 1.4 728 48.6 ± 1.7 431 31.4 ± 1.9
 Never smoked 1523 50.0 ± 1.5 550 38.8 ± 1.9 973 59.4 ± 1.8
Number of alcoholic drinks per day (%) 2989 1467 1522
 0 1372 38.4 ± 1.8 578 32.7 ± 1.7 794 43.2 ± 2.3
 1 877 35.4 ± 1.4 375 29.2 ± 1.4 502 40.6 ± 2.2
  > 1 740 26.3 ± 1.4 514 38.1 ± 1.7 226 16.2 ± 1.4
Physical activity (%) 3065 1507 1558
  < 10 min per week 1488 47.2 ± 1.7 695 44.2 ± 1.8 793 49.7 ± 2.0
 10 to < 150 min per week 538 16.2 ± 1.0 249 15.1 ± 1.5 289 17.2 ± 1.0
  ≥ 150 min per week 1039 36.6 ± 1.3 563 40.7 ± 1.4 476 33.1 ± 1.8
Antidepressant use (%) 3066 1509 1557
 No 2597 81.6 ± 0.9 1354 87.6 ± 1.2 1243 76.6 ± 1.3
 Yes 469 18.4 ± 0.9 155 12.4 ± 1.2 314 23.4 ± 1.3

BMI body mass index, PIR poverty-to-income ratio