Table 2.
Nutrient intake from food alone by cognitive function status among females 60 + years of age†
| Total CFT Composite Z-Score | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Z-score Q1 | Z-score Q2 | Z-score Q3 | Z-score Q4 | ||||
| n = 352 | n = 313 | n = 279 | n = 204 | ||||
| Nutrient | EAR | Mean ± SE | Mean ± SE | Mean ± SE | Mean ± SE | ||
| Vitamin A, RAE (μg) | 500 | 568 ± 21 | * | 567 ± 25 | * | 667 ± 30 | 666 ± 27 |
| Vitamin E as alpha-tocopherol (mg) | 12 | 6.4 ± 0.2 | * | 7.1 ± 0.3 | * | 8.7 ± 0.4 | 9.1 ± 0.5 |
| Vitamin D (D2 + D3) (μg) | 10 | 4.2 ± 0.3 | 4.1 ± 0.2 | 4.2 ± 0.3 | 4.6 ± 0.4 | ||
| Vitamin C (mg) | 60 | 73 ± 3 | 74 ± 6 | 86 ± 5 | 83 ± 4 | ||
| Thiamin (Vitamin B1) (mg) | 0.9 | 1.21 ± 0.03 | * | 1.31 ± 0.04 | 1.35 ± 0.05 | 1.43 ± 0.05 | |
| Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) (mg) | 0.9 | 1.67 ± 0.04 | * | 1.76 ± 0.05 | * | 1.84 ± 0.06 | 1.98 ± 0.07 |
| Niacin (mg) | 11 | 17.4 ± 0.5 | * | 19 ± 0.5 | 20 ± 0.7 | 21 ± 0.7 | |
| Vitamin B6 (mg) | 1.3 | 1.51 ± 0.05 | * | 1.6 ± 0.06 | 1.72 ± 0.07 | 1.76 ± 0.06 | |
| Folate, DFE (μg) | 320 | 419 ± 12 | * | 456 ± 19 | 455 ± 17 | 479 ± 17 | |
| Vitamin B12 (μg) | 2 | 3.7 ± 0.1 | * | 3.8 ± 0.2 | 4.1 ± 0.2 | 4.4 ± 0.4 | |
| Calcium (mg) | 1000 | 780 ± 26 | 808 ± 29 | 809 ± 29 | 884 ± 41 | ||
| Iron (mg) | 5 | 11.9 ± 0.3 | * | 12.1 ± 0.4 | 12.4 ± 0.5 | 13 ± 0.4 | |
| Magnesium (mg) | 265 | 235 ± 7 | * | 249 ± 7 | * | 275 ± 8 | 291 ± 11 |
| Phosphorus (mg) | 580 | 1019 ± 28 | * | 1097 ± 31 | * | 1140 ± 30 | 1230 ± 46 |
| Zinc (mg) | 6.8 | 8.1 ± 0.3 | * | 8.7 ± 0.3 | 9 ± 0.3 | 9.9 ± 0.4 | |
| Copper (mg) | 0.7 | 1 ± 0.03 | * | 1.1 ± 0.04 | * | 1.2 ± 0.04 | 1.2 ± 0.05 |
| Selenium (μg) | 45 | 79 ± 2 | * | 92 ± 3 | 91 ± 3 | 98 ± 3 | |
| AI | |||||||
| Vitamin K (μg) | 90 | 95 ± 5 | * | 101 ± 6 | * | 147 ± 9 | 147 ± 9 |
| Total choline (mg) | 425 | 237 ± 8 | * | 266 ± 9 | 279 ± 11 | 293 ± 12 | |
| Potassium (mg) | 2600 | 2171 ± 60 | * | 2279 ± 65 | * | 2485 ± 69 | 2578 ± 89 |
| Dietary fiber (g) | 21 | 14.5 ± 0.6 | * | 15 ± 0.5 | 16.7 ± 0.6 | 16.8 ± 0.7 | |
| Lutein + zeaxanthin (μg) | NA | 1386 ± 111 | * | 1502 ± 112 | * | 2252 ± 229 | 2056 ± 179 |
| PFA 20:5 (Eicosapentaenoic) (g) | NA | 0.02 ± 0.002 | 0.02 ± 0.002 | 0.02 ± 0.004 | 0.02 ± 0.004 | ||
| PFA 22:6 (Docosahexaenoic) (g) | NA | 0.05 ± 0.008 | 0.08 ± 0.009 | 0.09 ± 0.013 | 0.09 ± 0.016 | ||
†Model 2: covariates for day of the week (weekday/weekend), sequence of the dietary recall (day 1 or 2), whether the participant reported use of any dietary supplement in the past 30 days, and age (60–69 y, 70–79 y, 80 + y), education, race/ethnicity, marital status, PIR, comorbidities (CHD, stroke, hypertension, diabetes, cancer), kidney function (GFR and albuminuria), BMI, smoking status, physical activity, and alcohol intake
*Statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) compared to Q4