Table 3.
Nutrient intake from food alone by cognitive function status among males 60 + years of age†
| Total CFT Composite Z-Score | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Z-score Q1 | Z-score Q2 | Z-score Q3 | Z-score Q4 | ||||
| n = 395 | n = 301 | n = 231 | n = 198 | ||||
| Nutrient | EAR | Mean ± SE | Mean ± SE | Mean ± SE | Mean ± SE | ||
| Vitamin A, RAE (μg) | 625 | 670 ± 43 | * | 729 ± 60 | 861 ± 100 | 875 ± 56 | |
| Vitamin E as alpha-tocopherol (mg) | 12 | 8 ± 0.3 | * | 9 ± 0.5 | * | 11 ± 0.4 | 12 ± 0.6 |
| Vitamin D (D2 + D3) (μg) | 10 | 4.9 ± 0.3 | 5.3 ± 0.4 | 5.6 ± 0.4 | 5.8 ± 0.4 | ||
| Vitamin C (mg) | 75 | 86 ± 5 | 89 ± 8 | 85 ± 7 | 103 ± 8 | ||
| Thiamin (Vitamin B1) (mg) | 1 | 1.53 ± 0.06 | * | 1.73 ± 0.07 | * | 1.88 ± 0.07 | 1.95 ± 0.06 |
| Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) (mg) | 1.1 | 2.07 ± 0.07 | * | 2.35 ± 0.1 | * | 2.56 ± 0.13 | 2.71 ± 0.11 |
| Niacin (mg) | 12 | 24 ± 1 | * | 27 ± 1 | 29 ± 1 | 29 ± 1 | |
| Vitamin B6 (mg) | 1.4 | 1.97 ± 0.09 | * | 2.27 ± 0.08 | 2.4 ± 0.09 | 2.48 ± 0.1 | |
| Folate, DFE (μg) | 320 | 496 ± 22 | * | 572 ± 26 | 636 ± 28 | 651 ± 28 | |
| Vitamin B12 (μg) | 2 | 4.9 ± 0.3 | * | 6.0 ± 0.4 | 6.3 ± 0.4 | 6.4 ± 0.5 | |
| Calcium (mg) | 800a | 880 ± 24 | * | 937 ± 53 | 1042 ± 44 | 1092 ± 46 | |
| Iron (mg) | 6 | 14.9 ± 0.7 | * | 16.3 ± 0.7 | 18.1 ± 0.7 | 18 ± 0.6 | |
| Magnesium (mg) | 350 | 286 ± 8 | * | 316 ± 9 | * | 349 ± 12 | 378 ± 16 |
| Phosphorus (mg) | 580 | 1281 ± 34 | * | 1428 ± 50 | * | 1525 ± 45 | 1632 ± 47 |
| Zinc (mg) | 9.4 | 10.6 ± 0.4 | * | 11.8 ± 0.4 | 13 ± 0.4 | 13.1 ± 0.47 | |
| Copper (mg) | 0.7 | 1.2 ± 0.04 | * | 1.3 ± 0.05 | * | 1.5 ± 0.06 | 1.6 ± 0.07 |
| Selenium (μg) | 45 | 106 ± 3 | * | 120 ± 4 | 126 ± 4 | 127 ± 3 | |
| AI | |||||||
| Vitamin K (μg) | 120 | 100 ± 5 | * | 113 ± 6 | * | 123 ± 12 | 157 ± 14 |
| Total choline (mg) | 550 | 329 ± 11 | * | 362 ± 10 | * | 398 ± 16 | 401 ± 10 |
| Potassium (mg) | 3400 | 2680 ± 62 | * | 2944 ± 88 | * | 3219 ± 150 | 3390 ± 101 |
| Dietary fiber (g) | 30 | 17.2 ± 0.7 | * | 18.2 ± 0.8 | * | 19.8 ± 1.0 | 22.4 ± 1.1 |
| Lutein + zeaxanthin (μg) | NA | 1337 ± 120 | * | 1499 ± 143 | 1572 ± 166 | 2061 ± 248 | |
| PFA 20:5 (Eicosapentaenoic) (g) | NA | 0.02 ± 0.003 | 0.03 ± 0.003 | 0.03 ± 0.005 | 0.03 ± 0.003 | ||
| PFA 22:6 (Docosahexaenoic) (g) | NA | 0.08 ± 0.011 | 0.10 ± 0.014 | 0.10 ± 0.019 | 0.11 ± 0.016 | ||
†Model 2: covariates for day of the week (weekday/weekend), sequence of the dietary recall (day 1 or 2), whether the participant reported use of any dietary supplement in the past 30 days, and age (60–69 y, 70–79 y, 80 + y), education, race/ethnicity, marital status, PIR, comorbidities (CHD, stroke, hypertension, diabetes, cancer), kidney function (GFR and albuminuria), BMI, smoking status, physical activity, and alcohol intake
*Statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) compared to Q4
aEAR for males 51—70 y is 800 mg and the EAR for males 71 + y is 1000 mg. An EAR of 800 mg was selected to conservatively estimate the percent below the EAR