Table 5.
Standard scales used in the study (indicating loneliness, psychological factors and functional abilities)
| Mean | SD | Minimum | Maximum | Skewness | Kurtosis | α | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UCLA | 42.90 | 11.23 | 28 | 65 | 0.12 | -1.44 | .876 |
| MSPSS_so | 22.32 | 5.09 | 4 | 28 | -1.51 | 1.85 | .965 |
| MSPSS_fam | 22.17 | 5.11 | 4 | 28 | -1.48 | 1.82 | .967 |
| MSPSS_fri | 21.68 | 5.14 | 4 | 28 | -1.13 | 0.84 | .970 |
| MSPSS_total | 66.17 | 14.72 | 12 | 84 | -1.40 | 1.83 | .982 |
| GAS | 15.85 | 5.09 | 10 | 32 | 0.75 | 0.09 | .925 |
| GDS_dys | 1.23 | 1.91 | 0 | 6 | 1.38 | 0.54 | .883 |
| GDS_pos | 0.94 | 1.48 | 0 | 4 | 1.20 | -0.22 | .896 |
| CA | 2.94 | 4.65 | 0 | 28 | 2.53 | 8.68 | .812 |
| ADL | 5.33 | 1.47 | 0 | 6 | -2.55 | 5.79 | .876 |
| IADL | 6.89 | 1.74 | 0 | 8 | -1.78 | 3.00 | .825 |
| GSE | 29.35 | 7.13 | 9 | 36 | -0.66 | -0.68 | .990 |
| ERQ_cognitive | 28.89 | 6.42 | 13 | 42 | 0.02 | -0.39 | .964 |
| ERQ_expressive | 19.14 | 4.19 | 8 | 28 | 0.14 | -0.44 | .936 |
UCLA UCLA loneliness scale, MSPSS_so Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social support- Signifficant other, MSPSS_fam Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social support-Family, MSPSS_fri Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social support- Friends, MSPSS_total Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social support- Total score, GAS Geriatric Anxiety scale, GDS_dys Geriatrc Depression Scale- dysphoria, GDS_pos Geriatric Depression Scale- lack of positive mood, CA the 6-item cognitive impairment test indicating cognitive ability, ADL Katz Index of Independence of Daily Living, IADL Lawton-Brody Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale, GSE General Self-Efficacy Scale, ERQ_cognitive Emotional Regulation Quiestionnaire- Cognitive Reappraisal; Emotional Regulation Questionnaire- Expressive Suppresion