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. 2023 Dec 4;24:787. doi: 10.1186/s13063-023-07796-x

Table 5.

Efficacy evaluation

Efficacy
Cured Significantly effective Taking effect Ineffective
Evaluation index
 ODI score  ≤ 40% 40–59% 60–70%  > 70%
 VAS score  < 2 2–3 4–5  > 5
 BSF score  ≥ 3 2 1 0

VAS, visual analog scale; ODI, Oswestry disability index; BFS, Brantigan, Steffee, Fraser