Comparison of the catalytic performance of [Fe₃O₄@SiO₂-Schiff base-Cu^(II)] complex in synthesis of pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazoles model reaction^a.

Entry	Catalyst	Time (min)	Yield (%)	Refa
1	Mg–Al hydrotalcite	60	87	49
2	ZnO NPs	60	94	50
3	Thiamine hydrochloride	15	91	51
4	ZnS NPs	8	92	52
5	RuIII@CMC/Fe3O4	30	93	39
6	Fe3O4@SiO2/Si(OEt)(CH2)3NH/CC/EDA/Cu(OAc)2	6	86	53
7	Fe3O4@SiO2/Si(OEt)(CH2)3@melamine@TC@Cu(OAc)2	7	92	54
8	[Fe3O4@SiO2-Schiff base-Cu(II)] complex	10	98	This work

^aIsolated yield.