Table I.
Basic characteristics of all GDM patients and healthy controls at 24–28 weeks after pregnancy when enrolled in the study
| Variables | GDM (n = 189) | Healthy controls (n =100) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age [year] | 25.97 ±3.62 | 26.87 ±3.79 | 0.051 |
| BMI [kg/m2] | 23.84 ±2.77 | 24.46 ±2.83 | 0.072 |
| HOMA-IR | 2.06 ±0.24 | 1.26 ±0.14 | < 0.001 |
| FBG [mmol/l] | 5.38 ±0.52 | 3.75 ±0.37 | < 0.001 |
| OGTT-1hPG [mmol/l] | 10.23 ±0.52 | 8.22 ±0.42 | < 0.001 |
| OGTT-2hPG [mmol/l] | 8.89 ±0.36 | 6.54 ±0.59 | < 0.001 |
| Fasting insulin [mU/l] | 14.26 ±2.01 | 9.70 ±2.47 | < 0.001 |
| TC [mmol/l] | 5.86 ±0.75 | 5.82 ±0.73 | 0.696 |
| TG [mmol/l] | 3.02 ±0.49 | 2.28 ±0.30 | < 0.001 |
| HDL-C [mmol/l] | 2.03 ±0.14 | 2.22 ±0.21 | < 0.001 |
| LDL-C [mmol/l] | 3.56 ±0.35 | 3.23 ±0.31 | < 0.001 |
BMI – body mass index, FBG – fasting blood glucose, TC – total cholesterol, TG – triglyceride, HDL-C – high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C – low density lipoprotein cholesterol, OGTT – oral glucose tolerance test.