Table 4.
Changes in Residents’ Behavior at Baseline, Immediately After, 3 and 6 Months After the Implementation of the Motor and Multisensory Care-Based Approach.
| Categories | Type | Baseline Mean ± SD | Immediately After Mean ± SD | 3 months Mean ± SD | 6 months Mean ± SD | P a (Exact sig.) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Caregiver-direct gaze | Frequency b | 0.50 ± 0.84 | 1.25 ± 1.67 | 2.83 ± 2.99 | 0.83 ± 0.68 | 0.560 |
| Duration c | 0.67 ± 1.21 | 4.17 ± 7.91 | 4.17 ± 5.74 | 0.83 ± 0.82 | 0.597 | |
| Verbal communication | Frequency b | 6.33 ± 5.29 | 7.33 ± 6.49 | 7.33 ± 6.04 | 6.17 ± 6.21 | 0.795 |
| Duration c | 25.83 ± 42.01 | 20.00 ± 25.65 | 19.42 ± 26.94 | 12.83 ± 16.97 | 0.773 | |
| Solicited engagement in the task | Frequency b | 1.42 ± 1.16 | 2.92 ± 2.92 | 1.58 ± 2.38 | 1.08 ± 1.36 | 0.229 |
| Duration c | 10.00 ± 14.44 | 27.58 ± 29.79 | 26.25 ± 29.28 | 8.25 ± 11.51 | 0.410 | |
| Voluntary engagement in the task | Frequency b | 2.42 ± 2.38 | 3.67 ± 5.06 | 1.33 ± 1.75 | 1.25 ± 1.94 | 0.202 |
| Duration c | 31.58 ± 41.37 | 38.17 ± 42.53 | 7.5 ± 9.26 | 22.92 ± 38.93 | 0.127 | |
| Total engagement in the task (solicited + voluntary) | Frequency b | 3.83 ± 3.50 | 6.58 ± 6.67 | 2.92 ± 4.03 | 2.33 ± 2.93 | 0.120 |
| Duration c | 41.58 ± 51.55 | 65.75 ± 59.23 | 33.75 ± 34.51 | 30.17 ± 49.22 | 0.252 |
Abbreviation: SD, standard deviation.
a Friedman test.
b Frequency: number of occurrences.
c Duration: length of the behavior (in seconds).