Table 3. Participants’ learning gain.

Group	Median normalized learning gain a			Group comparison b			Pairwise comparison c
	Easy	Diff.	Total	Easy	Diff.	Total		Easy	Diff.	Total
Control N = 21	0.70 (0.38-0.87)	0.56 (0.13, 0.75)	0.58 (0.44-0.83)	0.24	0.17	0.11	Control v.Experimental	0.26	0.32	0.25
Experimental N = 28	0.81 (0.64-0.92)	0.5 (0.22-1.00)	0.79 (0.43-0.90)				Control v. No-use	0.09	0.32	0.52
No-Use N = 36	0.70 (0.43-0.84)	0.35 (0.15-0.55)	0.55 (0.38-0.69)				Experimental v. no-use	0.96	0.08	0.04

^a Normalized learning gain Gn = (Quiz 2 PCR - Quiz 1 PCR) / (100% - Quiz 1 PCR ), median with interquartile range) for total score and easy and difficult questions.

^b Comparison of learning gain between groups (Kruskal-Wallis analysis).

^c Pairwise comparison of learning gain for total score and easy and difficult questions (Mann-Whitney U test).