Table 1.

Studies selection criteria and PICOS question.

	Inclusion	Exclusion
Participants	Adult humans with cataracts	Deceased/cadaveric studies
Intervention	Standard-incision phacoemulsification surgery	Micro-incision surgery
		Femto-second laser
		Manual small incision surgery
		Extracapsular cataract extraction
Comparison/control	Phaco-chop versus divide-and conquer phaco technique
Outcome	Mean phaco time, effective phaco time, absolute phaco time, phaco energy
Studies	Prospective studies; retrospective studies; cohort studies	Studies without comparative nuclear density. Other designs e.g. Commentary, opinions, data based on meetings, non-comparative studies
Other	English language; full-texts	Other language; abstracts only