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. 2023 Dec 5;14:8054. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-43623-2

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — a Phylogenetic tree of subterranean species used in this study. Subterranean species are shown in red. b Fibroblasts of subterranean species produce viscous culture media. The viscosity of water, blank media, or media conditioned with skin fibroblasts of different species was measured. Conditioned media was harvested after 10 days. For cells of subterranean species (BMR, NMR, DMR, EM, and SNM), conditioned media was treated with hyaluronidase (HAase) to show that the viscosity is due to the presence of HA. Experiment was repeated three times. ## P < 0.01, ### P < 0.001 compared between HAase treated and untreated media, ***P < 0.001 media conditioned with cells of subterranean species compared to blank media, unpaired two-sided t test. c Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of HA purified from conditioned media of different species. Cells were kept confluent for 10 days and HA was purified from equal volumes of conditioned media. Each sample was either run directly or pre-treated with HAase overnight. The experiment was performed three times with similar results. d Levels of HA secreted by cells of different species measured by carbazole assay. The assay was performed on equal volumes of conditioned media. Reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) showing expression levels of HAS2 (e), HYAL2 (f) and HYAL1 (g) genes in skin fibroblasts of different species. GP guinea pig, BMR blind mole rat, NMR naked mole rat, DMR Damaraland mole rat, EM eastern mole, SNM star-nosed mole. (b, d, e, f, and g) experiments were repeated three times. Data are mean ± SD. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 unpaired two-sided t test. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.