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. 2023 Dec 6;14:8064. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-43718-w

Fig. 4. In vivo pharmacology of DNCP-β-NalA(1) after s.c. administration in male mice.

Fig. 4

a, b Formalin test, dose-dependent effect; groups: saline (n = 8 mice), DNCP-β-NalA(1) (0.8 µmol kg−1, n = 6 mice; 1.9 µmol kg−1, n = 6 mice; 3.8 µmol kg−1, n = 6 mice) and U50,488 (1.1 µmol kg−1, n = 6 mice; 2.1 µmol kg−1, n = 6 mice; 5.4 µmol kg−1, n = 6 mice); One-way ANOVA, F(3, 22) = 19.97, P < 0.0001 (a), and F(3, 22) = 27.10, P < 0.0001 (b). c Formalin test, antagonism by nor-BNI; groups: saline (n = 8 mice), DNCP-β-NalA(1) (3.8 µmol kg−1, n = 6 mice) and DNCP-β-NalA(1)+nor-BNI (3.8 µmol kg−1 + 13.6 µmol kg−1, n = 6 mice); One-way ANOVA, F(2, 17) = 29.67, P < 0.0001. d, e CFA-induced inflammatory hyperalgesia, dose- and time-dependent effect; groups: saline (n = 8 mice), DNCP-β-NalA (1) (0.4 µmol kg−1, n = 6 mice; 0.8 µmol kg−1, n = 6 mice; 1.9 µmol kg−1, n = 6 mice) and U50,488 (0.2 µmol kg−1, n = 6 mice; 0.6 µmol kg−1, n = 7 mice; 2.1 µmol kg−1, n = 8 mice); Two-way ANOVA, F(3, 176) = 46.10, P < 0.0001 (d), and F(3, 275) = 173.0, P < 0.0001 (e). f CFA-induced inflammatory hyperalgesia, antagonism by nor-BNI; groups: saline (n = 8 mice), DNCP-β-NalA(1) (1.9 µmol kg−1, n = 6 mice) and DNCP-β-NalA(1)+nor-BNI (1.9 µmol kg−1+13.6 µmol kg−1, n = 6 mice); Two-way ANOVA, F(2, 136) = 91.61, P < 0.0001. g, h Paw thickness, dose-dependent effect; groups: saline (n = 8 mice), DNCP-β-NalA(1) (0.8 µmol kg−1, n = 6 mice; 1.9 µmol kg−1, n = 6 mice; 3.8 µmol kg−1, n = 6 mice) and U50,488 (1.1 µmol kg−1, n = 6 mice; 2.1 µmol kg−1, n = 6 mice; 5.4 µmol kg−1, n = 6 mice); One-way ANOVA, F(3, 22) = 5.016, P = 0.0084 (g), and F(3, 22) = 1.770, P = 0.1823. i Paw thickness, antagonism by nor-BNI; groups: saline (n = 8 mice), DNCP-β-NalA(1) (3.8 µmol kg−1) and DNCP-β-NalA(1)+nor-BNI (3.8 µmol kg−1 + 13.6 µmol kg−1, n = 6 mice); One-way ANOVA, F(2, 17) = 7.239, P = 0.0053. j Rotarod test, motor coordination; groups: saline (n = 5 mice), DNCP-β-NalA(1) (3.8 µmol kg−1, n = 6 mice; 7.6 µmol kg−1, n = 5 mice) and U50,488 (5.4 µmol kg−1, n = 5 mice); Two-way ANOVA, F(3, 51) = 7.992, P = 0.0002. One-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s (a, b, g, h) and Tukey’s post hoc test (c, i); Two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s post-hoc test for (d–f, j). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, drug vs. saline group; #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.001, DNCP-β-NalA(1) vs. DNCP-β-NalA(1)+nor-BNI. All data represent means ± s.e.m. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.