Table 3.
Association of regional DNA methylation at ABCG1 and changes in body fat distribution in response to average- or high-protein diet at 6 months and 2 years of dietary intervention
| Average-protein group* | High-protein group* | P | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β (SE) | P | β (SE) | P | Interaction | FDR | |
| 6 Months† | ||||||
| Body weight | 12.5 (4.9) | 0.011 | −9.4 (4.2) | 0.027 | 0.0072 | 0.014 |
| Waist circumference | 13.3 (5.1) | 0.010 | −9.1 (4.6) | 0.05 | 0.007 | 0.014 |
| dSAT | 5.4 (1.9) | 0.007 | −2.5 (1.6) | 0.12 | <0.001 | 0.011 |
| SAT | 8.8 (3.4) | 0.013 | −3.9 (2.6) | 0.15 | 0.004 | 0.015 |
| VAT | 4.7 (2.7) | 0.096 | −3.7 (1.8) | 0.04 | 0.006 | 0.015 |
| TAT | 11.1 (5.3) | 0.043 | −8.3 (4.1) | 0.05 | 0.003 | 0.015 |
| 2 Years† | ||||||
| Body weight | 15.1 (6.5) | 0.022 | −8.4 (5.7) | 0.14 | 0.03 | 0.034 |
| Waist circumference | 17.6 (7.0) | 0.013 | −7.8 (6.0) | 0.20 | 0.034 | 0.034 |
| dSAT | 6.8 (2.9) | 0.025 | 1.1 (2.3) | 0.63 | 0.009 | 0.017 |
| SAT | 16.3 (5.9) | 0.013 | −3.6 (3.9) | 0.37 | 0.025 | 0.031 |
| VAT | 7.5 (3.5) | 0.044 | −1.8 (2.7) | 0.50 | 0.031 | 0.031 |
| TAT | 23.3 (9) | 0.019 | −4.2 (6.3) | 0.51 | 0.021 | 0.031 |
FDR, false discovery rate.
*
Models were adjusted for age, race, sex, baseline BMI, use of lipid-lowering medications, baseline values for respective outcomes, and blood cell composition.
†
Sample size for 6-month changes: average-protein group n = 55; high-protein group n = 59. Sample size for 2-year changes: average-protein group n = 39; high-protein group n = 46.