Table 3.
Growth [in cm mean (± SD)] of the citrus pathogen Phyllosticta citricarpa in petri dishes, number of pycnidia produced in leaves by P. citricarpa, development of citrus black spot (CBS) symptoms, and cytotoxicity IC50 values obtained after 72 h incubation of A549 (non-small cell lung cancer) and PC3 (prostate cancer) human cell lines in the presence of 100 uL of compounds 1–10 produced by Pseudofusicoccum stromaticum CMRP4328.
| Compounds | Petri dishes | Pycnidia | CBS symptoms | IC50 μM | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A549 | PC3 | ||||
| Paecilin Q (1) | 1.8 ± 0.2*b | 98 ± 11*c | + | >80 | >80 |
| Paecilin R (2) | 3.0 ± 0.1 | 128 ± 4*c | + | >80 | >80 |
| Phomoxanthone A (3) | 1.2 ± 0.1*b | 59 ± 6*b | − | 4.95 ± 0.53 | 3.18 ± 0.02 |
| Phomoxanthone B (4) | 1.7 ± 0.3*b | 73 ± 6*b | + | 10.39 ± 0.59 | 7.39 ± 0.62 |
| Dicerandrol C (5) | 3.3 ± 0.2 | 187 ± 9 | + | 2.92 ± 0.24 | 2.23 ± 0.13 |
| Cytochalasin H (6) | 0.7 ± 0.2*a | 43 ± 7*a | − | >50 | >50 |
| Cytochalasin J (7) | 3.2 ± 0.2 | 172 ± 8 | + | >80 | >80 |
| 8-Hydroxy-6-methyl-9-oxo-9H-xanthene-1-carboxylic acid (8a) Monodictyxanthone (8b) | 3.2 ± 0.2 | 191 ± 7 | + | >80 | >80 |
| 5-Carbomethoxymethyl-2-heptyl-7-hydroxychromone (9) | 3.4 ± 0.1 | 200 ± 6 | + | >80 | >80 |
| Maltol (10) | 2.9 ± 0.3*c | 176 ± 9 | + | >80 | >80 |
| Carbendazim | 0* | 0 | − | NE | NE |
| Control with methanol | 3.5 ± 0.2 | 198 ± 8 | + | NE | NE |
− Absence of symptoms; + presence of symptoms;
Samples that were significant in the reduction of growth compared to the control in ANOVA, p < 0.001; The same subscript letter in the same column means the values are not different. NE: not evaluated. Compound concentration in the applied solution was 10 mg/mL. Actinomycin D and H2O2 [A549 (non-small cell lung), PC3 (prostate) human cancer cell lines] were used as positive controls at 20 μM and 2 mM concentrations, respectively (0% viable cells).