Table 2.
Items on the PAID-EA, PAID, and CES-D Organized by Corresponding Theme for the Most Meaningful Emotions and Worries Identified by Participants
| Theme 1: Fear of the future |
| PAID-EA items: |
| Item 8: I worry about having kids in the future because of my diabetes. |
| Item 10: I worry that diabetes will get in the way of what I want to do with my life. |
| Item 19: I worry about diabetes complications. |
| PAID items: |
| Item 3: Feeting scared when you think about Living with diabetes. |
| Item 12: Worrying about the future and the possibility of serious complications. |
| CES-D items: |
| Item 8: felt hopeful about the future. (reverse-coded item) |
| Item 10: I felt fearful. |
| Subtheme: Worry about the cost of diabetes |
| PAID-EA items: |
| Item 21: I worry about the cost of diabetes. |
| PAID items: |
| None |
| CES-D items: |
| None |
| Theme 2: Acute worries about living with diabetes |
| PAID-EA items: |
| Item 1: I feel that diabetes is taking up too much of my mental energy every day. |
| Item 11: I feel that I must be perfect in my diabetes management. |
| Item 14: I feel like a failure when I have a high A1C. |
| Item 17: I don’t want to know my blood sugar when it is high. |
| Item 22: I worry about having a low blood sugar. |
| Item 23: I am too tired of having diabetes to take care of it. |
| Item 25: I feel like I am trying my hardest to take care of diabetes, but it never works. |
| PAID items: |
| Item 8: Feeling overwhelmed by your diabetes. |
| Item 9: Worrying about low blood glucose reactions. |
| Item 13: Feelings of guilt or anxiety when you get off track with your diabetes management. |
| Item 16: Feeling that diabetes is taking up too much of your mental and physical energy every day. |
| Item 20: Feeling “burned out” by the constant effort needed to manage diabetes. |
| CES-D items: |
| None |
| Theme 3: Challenges with finding support |
| PAID-EA items: |
| Item 2: I feel annoyed when people say something ignorant about having diabetes. |
| Item 3: I am tired of having to explain diabetes to others. |
| Item 5: I feel judged by others because I have diabetes. |
| Item 6: I worry about being able to socialize because of how alcohol affects my blood sugar. |
| Item 7: I worry that a new romantic partner will see my diabetes devices. |
| Item 12: I feel alone with diabetes. |
| Item 13: I avoid doing diabetes management tasks when other people are around. |
| Item 15: I feel overwhelmed about having to do diabetes all by myself. |
| Item 16: I worry about living alone because I have diabetes. |
| Item 24: I feel like I cannot take as many risks as my friends. |
| PAID items: |
| Item 4: Uncomfortable social situations related to your diabetes care (eg, people telling you what to eat) |
| Item 17: Feeling atone with your diabetes. |
| Item 18: Feeling that your friends and family are not supportive of your diabetes management efforts. |
| CES-D items: |
| Item 3: I felt that I could not shake off the blues even with the help from my family or friends. |
| Item 4: I felt I was just as good as other people. (reverse-coded item) |
| Item 14: I felt lonely. |
| Item 15: People were unfriendly. |
| Item 19: I felt that people dislike me. |
| Items that did not correspond to a specific theme |
| PAID-EA items: |
| Item 4: have other things in my life that keep me from managing my diabetes. |
| Item 9:I worry that my blood sugar will go high or low during sex. |
| Item 18: I feel frustrated about interruptions from diabetes (during sleep, work, school). |
| Item 20: I don’t know how to make diabetes a priority when I have a lot of changes in my life. |
| PAID items: |
| Item 1: Not having clear and concrete goats for your diabetes care. |
| Item 2: Feeting discouraged with your diabetes treatment plan. |
| Item 5: Feelings of deprivation regarding food and meals. |
| Item 6: Feeling depressed when you think about living with diabetes. |
| Item 7: Not knowing if your mood or feelings are related to your diabetes. |
| Item 10: Feeling angry when you think about living with diabetes. |
| Item 11: Feeling constantly concerned about food and eating. |
| Item 14: Not “accepting” your diabetes. |
| Item 15: Feeling unsatisfied with your diabetes physician. |
| Item 19: Coping with complications of diabetes. |
| CES-D items: |
| Item 1: was bothered by things that usually don’t bother me. |
| Item 2: I did not feel like eating; my appetite was poor. |
| Item 5: I had trouble keeping my mind on what I was doing. |
| Item 6: I felt depressed. |
| Item 7: I felt everything I did was an effort. |
| Item 9: I thought my life had been a failure. |
| Item 11: My sleep was restless. |
| Item 12: I was happy. (reverse-coded item) |
| Item 13: I talked less than usual. |
| Item 16: I enjoyed life. (reverse-coded item) |
| Item 17: I had crying spells. |
| Item 18: I felt sad. |
| Item 20: I could not get “going.” |
Abbreviations: CES-D, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale; PAID, Problem Areas in Diabetes; PAID-EA, Problem Areas in Diabetes-Emerging Adult.