Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Circ Heart Fail. 2023 Sep 13;16(11):e010618. doi: 10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.123.010618

Table 2.

Association of obesity-related biomarkers with exercise parameters

Exercise Parameter CRP IL-6 HOMA-IR
β (SE) p value β (SE) p value β (SE) p value
Peak VO2 −1.32 (0.19) <0.001 −0.60 (0.20) 0.002 −1.85 (0.23) <0.001
ΔCO 0.09 (0.11) 0.40 −0.07 (0.11) 0.49 0.20 (0.13) 0.12
ΔPCWP/ΔCO 0.06 (0.08) 0.40 0.002 (0.08) 0.98 −0.12 (0.09) 0.16
exPCWP 1.10 (0.33) 0.001 0.039 (0.34) 0.91 1.00 (0.41) 0.014
ΔHR −3.48 (0.85) <0.001 −3.31 (0.86) <0.001 −2.63 (1.06) 0.01
ΔBP 0.56 (1.07) 0.60 −1.72 (1.07) 0.11 5.39 (1.27) <0.001
ΔSV 2.19 (0.93) 0.02 2.16 (0.93) 0.02 4.41 (1.10) <0.001
ΔSVR 43.59 (19.77) 0.03 −1.47 (20.68) 0.94 29.49 (23.9) 0.22
ΔC(a-v) O2 −0.23 (0.08) 0.002 −0.13 (0.08) 0.08 −0.20 (0.09) 0.03
Exercise Parameter Adiponectin Leptin Resistin
β (SE) p value β (SE) p value β (SE) p value
Peak VO2 0.74 (0.21) <0.001 −2.35 (0.19) <0.001 −0.86 (0.19) <0.001
ΔCO −0.11 (0.11) 0.32 0.34 (0.11) 0.004 −0.06 (0.11) 0.56
ΔPCWP/ΔCO 0.01 (0.08) 0.94 0.04 (0.08) 0.60 −0.01 (0.08) 0.87
exPCWP −0.37 (0.36) 0.31 1.30 (0.36) <0.001 −0.01 (0.34) 0.99
ΔHR 1.25 (0.92) 0.17 −1.93 (0.94) 0.04 −2.73 (0.85) 0.001
ΔBP −3.84 (1.13) <0.001 3.54 (1.16) 0.002 −1.41 (1.06) 0.19
ΔSV −2.30 (0.99) 0.02 4.30 (1.00) <0.001 1.75 (0.92) 0.06
ΔSVR 19.34 (21.04) 0.36 19.72 (22.49) 0.38 12.89 (19.88) 0.52
ΔC(a-v) O2 0.11 (0.08) 0.17 −0.21 (0.08) 0.01 −0.20 (0.08) 0.01

ß-Coefficient represents SD unit difference in exercise parameter per 1-SD unit change in log-transformed biomarker in multivariable regression model adjusted for age, sex, hypertension, diabetes, current smoking, and previous myocardial infarction. Abbreviations: Δ = delta; VO2= oxygen consumption; CO = Cardiac Output; PCWP = Pulmonary Capillary Wedge Pressure; exPCWP = PCWP at peak exercise; HR = Heart Rate; BP = blood pressure; SV = stroke volume, SVR = systemic vascular resistance; C[a-v]O2= peripheral oxygen extraction; CRP = high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; IL-6 = interleukin-6; HOMA-IR= homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance.