Table 2.
Diagnostic values of Bear Hug Test, Belly Press Test, and Test of Combination for Detecting Subscapularis Tears
| Bear Hug∗ | Belly Press† | Test Combination | Cohen Kappa, P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sensitivity | 46.1% (399/866) | 23.3% (202/866) | 46.7% (404/866) | <.001 |
| Specificity | 83.2% (213/256) | 93.4% (239/256) | 81.6% (209/256) | <.001 |
| Positive predictive value | 90.3% (399/442) | 92.2% (202/219) | 89.6% (404/451) | <.001 |
| Negative predictive value | 31.3% (213/680) | 26.5% (239/903) | 31.1% (209/671) | <.001 |
| Accuracy | 54.5% (612/1122) | 39.3% (441/1122) | 54.6% (613/1122) | <.001 |
| False-positive rate | 16.8% (n = 43) | 6.6% (n = 17) | 18.4% (n = 47) | |
| False-negative rate | 53.9% (n = 467) | 76.7% (n = 664) | 53.3% (n = 462) | |
| AUROC curve | 0.646 (95% Cl 0.610-0.682) | 0.583 (95% Cl 0.546-0.620) | 0.641 (95% Cl 0.605-0.678) |
NOTE. Test of combination versus bear hug test versus belly press test Cochran’s Q test 282.04, P < .001. Pairwise comparisons: test of combination versus bear hug test, P = .478; test of combination versus belly press test, P < .001; bear hug test versus belly press test, P < .001.
AUROC, area under the receiving characteristic curve; CI, confidence interval.
Bear hug test versus belly press test Cohen’s kappa value: 0.51 is substantial. T = 19.07, P < .001.
Arthroscopic diagnosis versus bear hug test Cohen kappa value: 0.19 is slight. T = 8.42, P < .001.
Arthroscopic diagnosis versus belly press test Cohen’s kappa value: 0.09 is slight. T = 5.91, P < .001.