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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Dec 6.
Published in final edited form as: J Struct Eng (N Y N Y). 2019 Oct 30;146(1):10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0002472. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0002472

Table 1.

Damage state due to wave and surge based on the failure of wood building components

Damage state Damage description Window/door failures Wall failure Floor failure (elevated foundation only)
1 Minor damage, only one door/window broken, no structure damage >=1 No No
2 Moderate damage, maximum two doors/windows broken, no structure damage >1 and <20% or 3 No No
3 Severe damage, more than three doors/windows broken, still no structure damage >20% or 3 and <50% No No
4 Destruction, wall and/or floor failure, most of windows/ doors are broken >50% Yes Yes