Table 1.
Differences in Characteristics Between Patients With Favorable and Unfavorable Outcomes at 15 Years Post-TBI
| Variable | All patients (N = 118) | Unfavorable outcome GOSE 1–4 (N = 33) | Favorable outcome GOSE 5–8 (N = 85) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age of admission, median (IQR) | 34 (19–45) | 43 (33–54) | 28 (15–42) |
| Sex (%) | |||
| Male | 88 (75) | 27 (82) | 61 (72) |
| Female | 30 (25) | 6 (18) | 24 (28) |
| GCS score (%) | |||
| 3–8 | 50 (42) | 20 (61) | 30 (35) |
| 9–12 | 29 (25) | 7 (21) | 22 (26) |
| 13–15 | 34 (29) | 6 (18) | 28 (33) |
| NA | 5 (4) | 0 (0) | 5 (6) |
| Pupil responsiveness (%) | |||
| Bilaterally unresponsive | 11 (9) | 4 (12) | 7 (8) |
| Unilaterally unresponsive | 11(9) | 5 (15) | 6 (7) |
| Responsive | 93 (79) | 24 (73) | 69 (81) |
| NA | 3 (3) | 0 (0) | 3 (4) |
| Marshall CT (%) | |||
| I | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| II | 70 (59) | 13 (40) | 57 (67) |
| III | 15 (13) | 7 (21) | 8 (9) |
| IV | 7 (6) | 2 (6) | 5 (6) |
| V | 26 (22) | 11 (33) | 15 (18) |
| Cause of injury (%) | |||
| Fall from ground level | 33 (28) | 13 (40) | 20 (24) |
| Fall from height | 13 (11) | 1 (3) | 12 (14) |
| Traffic accident | 40 (34) | 11 (33) | 29 (34) |
| Interpersonal violence | 10 (8) | 2 (6) | 8 (9) |
| Other | 14 (12) | 3 (9) | 11 (13) |
| Unknown | 8 (7) | 3 (9) | 5 (6) |
All percentages rounded to the nearest whole number.
TBI, traumatic brain injury; IQR, interquartile range; GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale; NA, not accessible; CT, computed tomography; GOSE, Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended.